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The United States has been making significant strides in renewable energy, with solar power emerging as a key player in the clean energy transition. Over the past decade, massive solar farms have been established across the country, contributing significantly to the national grid. These solar power plants not only generate sustainable electricity but also help reduce carbon emissions and promote energy independence. Below is an in-depth look at the top 10 largest solar power plants in the USA, detailing their capacity, location, and impact.

1. Copper Mountain Solar Facility

• Location: Nevada
• Capacity: 802 MW (AC)

The Copper Mountain Solar Facility in Nevada is one of the largest photovoltaic (PV) solar plants in the United States. Developed in five phases, this project has continually expanded since its inception. Its large-scale capacity supplies clean energy to thousands of homes while reducing reliance on fossil fuels. The facility showcases how solar energy can be scaled up efficiently to integrate with the national electricity grid.

2. Gemini Solar Project

• Location: Nevada
• Capacity: 690 MW (AC)

The Gemini Solar Project is one of the most ambitious solar power projects in the U.S. In addition to its impressive solar power generation, it includes 380 MW of battery storage, ensuring stable energy supply even during periods of low sunlight. This hybrid solar-plus-storage system demonstrates the future of renewable energy, where energy storage plays a crucial role in grid stability and efficiency.

3. Edwards Sanborn Solar and Energy Storage Project

• Location: California
• Capacity: 864 MW (Solar) + 3,320 MWh (Battery Storage)

Located in California, the Edwards Sanborn Solar and Energy Storage Project is a groundbreaking renewable energy initiative. This facility integrates large-scale solar power generation with one of the largest battery storage capacities in the country. The battery component ensures that excess solar energy generated during the day is stored and used when needed, making it a game-changer in the renewable energy sector.

4. Lumina I and II Solar Project

• Location: Texas
• Capacity: 828 MW

Texas is rapidly becoming a leader in solar power, and the Lumina I and II Solar Project is a testament to that growth. Expected to be completed by 2024, these twin solar farms will add 828 MW of clean energy to the state’s power grid. Texas’ solar expansion highlights how renewable energy can complement traditional power sources, especially in a state known for its oil and gas industry.

5. Mount Signal Solar

• Location: California
• Capacity: 794 MW

The Mount Signal Solar project, also known as the Imperial Valley Solar Project, has been built in multiple phases since 2014. This massive solar farm is located in the sun-drenched Imperial Valley of California, where it harnesses abundant sunlight to generate clean electricity. The project has played a critical role in California’s transition towards 100% clean energy goals.

6. Solar Star I & II

• Location: California
• Capacity: 747 MW

When it was completed in 2015, Solar Star I & II was the largest solar power plant in the world, with a capacity of 579 MW (AC). It set new benchmarks for utility-scale solar installations and inspired the development of even larger projects. Spread across 13 square kilometers, this solar farm utilizes advanced photovoltaic technology to efficiently convert sunlight into electricity.

7. Topaz Solar Farm

• Location: California
• Capacity: 550 MW (AC)

The Topaz Solar Farm is another key solar project in California, operational since 2014. One of the pioneering utility-scale solar projects, it consists of over 9 million thin-film photovoltaic panels. This farm has been instrumental in proving the economic and environmental feasibility of large-scale solar projects in the United States.

8. Desert Sunlight Solar Farm

• Location: California
• Capacity: 550 MW (AC)

Commissioned in 2014, the Desert Sunlight Solar Farm is one of the largest solar projects in the world. It spans 3,800 acres in the Mojave Desert and consists of over 8 million solar panels. This farm contributes significantly to California’s ambitious renewable energy targets, reducing carbon emissions and supporting a cleaner energy future.

9. Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System

• Location: California
• Capacity: 392 MW

Unlike traditional photovoltaic solar farms, the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System uses solar thermal technology. It employs mirrors (heliostats) to focus sunlight onto central towers, generating steam to power turbines. This innovative approach allows the plant to produce electricity even when sunlight is not directly available, making it one of the most advanced solar plants in the country.

10. Agua Caliente Solar Project

• Location: Arizona
• Capacity: 290 MW

The Agua Caliente Solar Project in Arizona is notable for utilizing thin-film cadmium telluride (CdTe) solar panels, which offer cost-effective and high-efficiency energy production. The plant generates over 626 GWh of clean energy annually, powering thousands of homes and reducing dependence on conventional power sources.

The Future of Solar Energy in the USA

The U.S. solar industry continues to grow, with large-scale projects like these playing a crucial role in the transition towards clean and renewable energy. These power plants not only contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions but also help in creating jobs, boosting energy security, and promoting technological advancements in solar power and battery storage.

With increasing investments in solar farms and energy storage, the United States is well on its way to achieving a sustainable and carbon-free energy future.

The post Top 10 Solar Power Plants in the USA appeared first on ELE Times.

Agriculture in India has witnessed a technological revolution, with drones playing a pivotal role in modernizing farming practices. These unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) assist in tasks such as crop monitoring, precision spraying, and data analysis, leading to increased efficiency and sustainability. Here are ten prominent agriculture drone companies in India contributing to this transformation:

1. Garuda Aerospace

Based in Chennai, Garuda Aerospace specializes in drone solutions for various sectors, including agriculture. Their drones are designed for precision spraying, crop health monitoring, and surveillance, aiming to enhance productivity and reduce manual labor in farming.

2. IoTechWorld Avigation

IoTechWorld Avigation, headquartered in Gurugram, offers innovative agricultural drones like the Agribot. This multi-rotary drone is India’s first DGCA-approved agriculture drone, used for spraying, broadcasting, and assessing soil and crop health.

3. Throttle Aerospace Systems

Bangalore-based Throttle Aerospace Systems manufactures UAVs for various applications, including agriculture. Their drones assist in land mapping, surveillance, cargo delivery, inspection, and disaster management, providing versatile solutions for the farming sector.

4. Aarav Unmanned Systems (AUS)

AUS, located in Bangalore, offers drone-based solutions for mining, urban planning, and agriculture. Their drones facilitate precision agriculture by providing high-resolution aerial imagery for crop health monitoring and yield estimation.

5. Dhaksha Unmanned Systems

Chennai-based Dhaksha Unmanned Systems provides drones for agriculture, surveillance, and logistics. Their agricultural drones are equipped with intelligent spraying systems and real-time data analysis capabilities, enhancing farming efficiency.

6. ideaForge

Headquartered in Mumbai, ideaForge is a leading manufacturer of UAVs for defense, homeland security, and industrial applications, including agriculture. Their drones offer high endurance and are used for large-scale mapping and surveillance in farming.

7. General Aeronautics

Bangalore-based General Aeronautics offers the Krishak series drones for agricultural purposes. Known for their durability and efficient spraying systems, these drones are compatible with various attachments, allowing multi-functional use in diverse agricultural settings.

8. Paras Aerospace

Paras Aerospace, located in Bangalore, specializes in user-friendly and affordable drones for agriculture. Their Paras Agricopter series is designed for precision spraying and crop monitoring, aiming to optimize resource utilization and increase yields.

9. Johnnette Technologies

Based in Noida, Johnnette Technologies offers agricultural drone services, including crop health monitoring, precision spraying, and remote sensing. Their drones are designed to optimize agrochemical applications, reducing wastage and maximizing crop yields.

10. Asteria Aerospace

Bangalore-based Asteria Aerospace provides drone-based solutions for various sectors, including agriculture. Their drones are used for crop monitoring, field mapping, and surveillance, aiding farmers in making data-driven decisions.

 

These companies are at the forefront of integrating drone technology into Indian agriculture, offering solutions that enhance productivity, efficiency, and sustainability. As the industry continues to evolve, these innovations are expected to play a crucial role in meeting the growing demands of modern farming.

The post Top 10 Agriculture Drone Companies in India appeared first on ELE Times.

k-Space Associates Inc of Dexter, MI, USA — which was founded in 1992 and produces thin-film metrology instrumentation and software for research and manufacturing of microelectronic, optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices — has introduced kSA RHEED-Sim as its new reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) simulation software. Suitable for both researchers and students, simulation possibilities range from basic simulated RHEED patterns of common structures to complex patterns produced by reconstructions or complex surfaces, and even dynamic simulations with changing phenomena...

A new design platform streamlines electronics system development from component selection to software development by integrating hardware, software, and lifecycle data into a single digital environment. Renesas 365 is built around Altium 365, a design suite that provides seamless access to component sources and intelligence while connecting all stakeholders throughout the creation process.

Embedded system developers often struggle due to manual component searches, fragmented documentation, and siloed design teams. Renesas 365 addresses these challenges by connecting Altium’s cloud-connected system design platform with Renesas’ components for embedded compute, connectivity, analog, and power applications.

Renesas 365, built around Altium’s system design platform, streamlines development from component selection to lifecycle management. Source: Renesas

Renesas CEO Hidetoshi Shibata calls it a first-of-its-kind solution. “It’s the next step in the digital transformation of electronics, bridging the gap between silicon and system development.” Renesas has joined hands with the company it acquired last year to redefine how electronics systems are designed, developed, and sustained—from silicon selection to full system realization—in a connected world.

Here is how Renesas 365 works in five steps.

1. Silicon: Renesas 365 will ensure that every silicon component is application-ready, optimized for software-defined products, and seamlessly integrated with the broader system.
2. Discover: This part powered by Altium enables engineers to find components as well as complete solutions from Renesas’ portfolio for faster and more accurate system design.
3. Develop: Altium powers this part to provide a cloud-based development environment to ensure real-time collaboration across hardware, software, and mechanical teams.
4. Lifecycle: Also powered by Altium, this part establishes persistent digital traceability to facilitate over-the-air (OTA) updates and ensure compliance and security from concept to deployment.
5. Software: This part provides developers with artificial intelligence (AI)-ready development tools to ensure that the software is optimized for their applications.

The final part of Renesas 365 offerings demonstrates how a unified software framework covering low- to high-compute performance can help developers create software-defined systems. For instance, these development tools enable real-time, low-power AI inference at the edge. They can also track compliance and automate OTA updates to ensure secure lifecycle management.

This cloud-connected system design platform can aid developers in everything from component selection to embedded software development to OTA updates. Meanwhile, it ensures that existing workflows remain uninterrupted and supports everything from custom AI models to advanced real-time operating system (RTOS) implementations.

Renesas will demonstrate this system design platform live at embedded world 2025, which will be held from 11 to 13 March in Nuremberg, Germany. The company’s booth 5-371 will be dedicated to presentations and interactive demonstrations of the Renesas 365 solution.

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• Renesas acquires Altium as part of its digitalization strategy
• What does Renesas’ acquisition of PCB toolmaker Altium mean?

The post This is how an electronic system design platform works appeared first on EDN.

Календар вступника КПІ kpi чт, 03/06/2025 - 11:35

submitted by /u/BlownUpCapacitor [link] [comments]

📖 Конкурс на здобуття премій КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського за кращі видання kpi ср, 03/05/2025 - 16:31

It’s remarkable how many switching regulator chips use the same basic two-resistor network for output voltage programming. Figure 1 illustrates this feature in a typical (buck type) regulator. See R1 and R2 where:

Vout = Vsense(R1/R2 + 1) = 0.8v(11.5 + 1) = 10v

Figure 1 A typical regulator output programming network with a basic two-resistor network for output voltage programming.

Wow the engineering world with your unique design: Design Ideas Submission Guide

Quantitatively, the Vsense feedback node voltage varies from type to type and recommended values for R1 can vary too, but the topology doesn’t. Most conform faithfully to Figure 1. This defacto uniformity is useful if your application needs digital control of Vout via PWM. 

Figure 2 shows the simplistic three-component solution it makes possible where:

Vout = Vsense(R1/(R2 + R3/DF) + 1) = 0.8v to 10v as DF = 0 to 1

All that’s required to add PWM control to Figure 1 is to split R2 into two equal halves, connect filter cap Cf to the middle of the pair, and add PWM switch Q1 in series with its ground end.

Figure 2 Simple circuit for regulator programming with PWM where Vout ranges from 0.8 V to 10 V as the duty factor (DF) goes from 0 to 1.

The Cf capacitance required for 1-lsb PWM ripple attenuation is 2(N-2)Tpwm/R2, where N is number of PWM bits and Tpwm is the PWM period. Since Cf will never see more than perhaps a volt, its voltage rating isn’t much of an issue.

A cool feature of this simple topology is that, unlike many other schemes for digital power supply control, only the regulator’s internal voltage reference matters to regulation accuracy. Precision is therefore independent of external voltage sources, e.g. logic rails. This is a good thing because, for example, the tempco of the TPS54332’s reference is only 15 ppm/oC.

Figure 3 graphs Vout versus the PWM DF for the Figure 2 circuit where the X-axis is DF, the Y-axis is Vout and,

Vout = Vsense(R1/(R2 + R3/DF) + 1)
Vout(min) = Vsense
Vout(max) = Vsense(R1/(R2 + R3) + 1)
R1/(R2 + R3) = Vout(max)/Vsense – 1

Figure 3 Graph showing Vout versus the Figure 2 PWM DF.

Figure 4 plots the inverse function with DF vs Vout where,

DF = R3/(R1/(Vout/Vsense – 1) – R2)

The nonlinearity of DF versus Vout does incur the cost of a bit of software complexity (two subtractions and three divisions) to do the conversion. But since it buys substantial circuitry simplification, it seems a reasonable (maybe zero) cost. Or, if the necessary memory is available, a lookup table is another (simple!) possibility.

 Figure 4 DF versus Vout; the non-linearity necessitates a bit of software complexity to perform the conversion.

Stephen Woodward’s relationship with EDN’s DI column goes back quite a long way. Over 100 submissions have been accepted since his first contribution back in 1974.

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The post Three discretes suffice to interface PWM to switching regulators appeared first on EDN.