Microelectronics world news

A new gate driver claims to ease the adoption of gallium nitride (GaN) technology in consumer and industrial applications such as power supplies in computer servers, factory-automation equipment, motor drivers, solar and wind power systems, home appliances, domestic fans, and wireless chargers by trimming dimensions and bill-of-materials (BOM) costs and facilitating robust safety and electrical protection.

It also claims to be the first galvanically isolated gate driver for GaN transistors; STGAP2GSN, unveiled by STMicroelectronics, minimizes propagation delay across the isolation barrier at just 45 ns while ensuring fast dynamic response. Next, dV/dt transient immunity of ±100 V/ns over the full temperature range guards against unwanted transistor gate change.

The GaN driver is available in standard and narrow versions. Source: STMicroelectronics

The STGAP2GS driver features separate sink and source pins for easy tuning of the gate-driving operation and performance. That ensures tightly controlled switching transitions up to high operating frequencies with sinking and sourcing up to 3-A gate current to the connected GaN transistor.

The single-channel driver can be connected to a high-voltage rail of up to 1,200 V, and with a narrow-body version of STGAP2GS, it can be connected to 1,700 V rails while providing gate driving voltage of up to 15 V. And besides integrated galvanic isolation, it features built-in system protection that includes thermal shutdown and under-voltage lockout (UVLO).

Two demonstration boards—EVSTGAP2GS and EVSTGAP2GSN—combine the standard and narrow versions of STGAP2GSN gate driver with ST’s SGT120R65AL 75 mΩ, 650 V enhancement-mode GaN transistors to help users evaluate the drivers’ capabilities.

Related Content

• Isolated Gate Drivers for GaN MOSFETs
• Pay Attention to the Gate-Driver Power Supply
• 650-V GaN FETs work with low-cost gate drivers
• Gate drive design for enhancement-mode GaN FETs
• Half-bridge gate driver for GaN FETs offers cost advantage

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Transphorm Inc of Goleta, near Santa Barbara, CA, USA — which designs and manufactures JEDEC- and AEC-Q101-qualified gallium nitride (GaN) field-effect transistors (FETs) for high-voltage power conversion —has commenced its rights offering (announced on 16 June). If the rights offering is fully subscribed, the firm will receive gross proceeds of $15m, minus expenses related to the rights offering. Transphorm intends to use the net proceeds for working capital and other general corporate purposes...

Tamil Nadu’s electronics export performance has experienced significant growth in recent years, thanks to a strong industrial ecosystem established by Guidance Tamil Nadu, an investment facilitation agency. The state benefits from critical infrastructure, cost-effective logistics and connectivity, a trainable workforce, and stable utility services, which have contributed to the development of a robust supply chain and large-scale manufacturing operations in the electronics sector.

In the fiscal year 2022-23, Tamil Nadu witnessed a remarkable surge in electronics exports, reaching US$5.37 billion, nearly tripling the previous year’s figure of US$1.86 billion. This exceptional growth propelled Tamil Nadu to the top spot in FY 2023, surpassing states like Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka, and Maharashtra. During FY 2023, Tamil Nadu exported electronic goods worth US$5.37 billion, with Uttar Pradesh ranking second at US$4.90 billion and Karnataka in third place at US$4.52 billion.

Guidance Tamil Nadu attributes this success to the influx of new industry players and the expansion of the existing manufacturing base, indicating the confidence of businesses in operating in Tamil Nadu. The state has implemented key policy measures to foster innovation, attract investments, and promote entrepreneurship.

Tamil Nadu’s electronics sector is particularly ripe for exports, with a significant portion of the state’s output comprising computers and related peripheral equipment such as desktops, servers, and printers. The Kancheepuram District hosts two sector-specific Special Economic Zones (SEZs) dedicated to the electronic hardware sector: the Multi Sector SEZ in Oragadam and the Multi Sector SEZ in Sriperumbudur. These SEZs serve as specialized zones to foster growth and development in the electronic hardware industry.

The entry of prominent electronics manufacturers into Tamil Nadu, including Foxconn, Tata Electronics, Salcomp, Siemens, Sony, ABB, and Pegatron, has played a vital role in the state’s success in export-oriented production. For example, Foxconn has been producing the iPhone 14 in Sriperumbudur and has contributed to over 40 percent of the employment created by the three Apple contract manufacturers. Pegatron, located in Singaperumalkovil, is responsible for assembling Apple’s entry-level models, while Wistron in Hosur produces eight iPhone lines. It’s worth noting that Tata Group has taken control of Wistron’s operations in India as of May 2023.

In terms of India’s overall electronics goods exports, Tamil Nadu’s contribution has grown significantly. In FY 2020-21, the state accounted for just 11.98 percent of India’s total electronics goods exports, amounting to US$15.59 billion. However, in the subsequent year, its share skyrocketed to 22.83 percent out of a total value of US$23.57 billion, according to government data.

In summary, Tamil Nadu’s electronics sector has experienced remarkable growth in recent years, positioning the state as a prominent exporter in India. With a strong industrial ecosystem, supportive infrastructure, and the presence of major electronics manufacturers, Tamil Nadu has attracted significant investments and expanded its manufacturing base. This growth trajectory highlights the state’s potential for continued success in the electronics industry and reinforces its position as a key player in India’s export-oriented production.

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As the world embraces the transition to electric vehicles (EVs), the need for efficient and reliable charging infrastructure has become paramount. Sizeable multi-story parking lots present unique challenges when it comes to charging communication. This is where Wi-SUN (Wireless Smart Ubiquitous Network) emerges as a game-changing technology, offering numerous advantages over other solutions in the segment, such as 5G and LoRa.

Application Scenario

In the scenario we are sharing today, our client sought a wireless communication technology for EV charging information transmission in a large underground, multi-story parking lot with hundreds of charging piles distributed across multiple floors. The client opted for Wi-SUN so as to minimize communication costs and maximize signal penetration in comparison with rival technologies.

Challenges

To ensure reliable information transmission between the EV chargers and the back-end system while keeping the costs down, the client looked to two performance indicators:

1. Whether or not a single gateway could connect and successfully communicate with hundreds of charging piles installed on different underground floors.
2. Whether or not the communication system could complete the data transmission within five seconds, avoiding information congestion.

Solution

The client opted for charging piles using our Wi-SUN SoC VC7351. Using just one gateway we were able to support a network of over three hundred charging piles distributed across multiple floors below the ground. Thanks to the adoption of OFDM transmission, the network delivered low communication latency and high bandwidth.

Outcome

The adoption of mesh topology-based Wi-SUN FAN (Field Area Network) made it possible not only to meet all of the client’s requirements, but also to ensure that as the parking space expands or new charging stations are added, the network easily scales to accommodate the growing communication demands.

Wi-SUN Features

Under Wi-SUN mesh network architecture, each charging pile acts as a node, forming a self-configuring network. This design ensures reliable connectivity even in the challenging underground environment, where obstacles such as concrete structures and metal interference are common. Such conditions make it difficult, if not impossible, for other technologies in the segment to achieve comparable performance.

Wi-SUN is based on the IEEE 802.15.4g standard, which offers high data rates and low latency. This capability is crucial for transmitting real-time charging information, such as load balance, power demands, charging status, and diagnostics, between the charging piles and the central gateway. Fast and reliable data exchange ensures trouble-free load balancing and orderly charging, minimizing downtime and maximizing the overall charging capacity. This makes the charging experience trouble-free for drivers and charging point operators alike.

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North America-based producer of gallium nitride (GaN) power devices have responded to China’s imposition of export restrictions on gallium and germanium with statements affirming their continuity of supply...

Cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin-film photovoltaic (PV) module maker First Solar Inc of Tempe, AZ, USA says that on 30 June it entered into a five-year revolving credit and guarantee facility for $1bn. The facility includes up to $250m available for the issuance of letters of credit. J.P. Morgan Chase Bank acted as lead arranger and is administrative agent for the facility...

New training technology now available globally from Hexagon’s Manufacturing Intelligence division leverages the power of its digital twins to help manufacturers train machinists and metrology specialists to use valuable shop-floor equipment. By combining hardware that realistically replicates machines with manufacturing simulation and operator’s software tools, it helps trainees gain practical experience without risking damage to expensive business-critical equipment, wasting materials, or tying up valuable production resources.

HxGN Machine Trainer was developed by Hexagon to help companies and educational institutions attract and train the next generation of machine workers – something that is vitally important with the industry facing a skills and labour shortage. In the US, for example, job openings are hovering near all-time highs at 800,000 with 55% of roles unfilled 1, while almost three in 10 manufacturing firms in Europe reported production constraints in the second quarter of 2022 due to a lack of workers 2. The skills shortage is compounded by the fact that training people to use CNC machines, and similar tools, is expensive, slow and potentially dangerous. By training machine operators using an accurate and interactive physical simulator, manufacturers can onboard and upskill their staff faster and more cost effectively than ever before.

Hexagon’s new hardware simulator bridges the manufacturing skills gap by making it easier to prepare inexperienced staff for the demands of the factory. It is versatile because a digital twin can be created for the specific machine brand, type and configuration they will use.  Once trained, workers can easily move from HxGN Machine Trainer to real machines, because the simulator is designed to be as realistic as possible – with hardware that replicates the look and feel of a real machine and a 43-inch screen that displays accurate simulations of a large variety of machine and cutting tools.  A light tower, physical CNC hand wheel and CMM joystick completes the experience by enabling trainees to respond to issues and control machine movements exactly as they would on the shop floor. The agile training system also offers a range of digital twins for coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) to provide practical experience.

Each trainer unit can be equipped with up to three CNC controllers — including those by Fanuc, Heidenhain, and Siemens — on a single training console. The machine trainer utilises the latest version of Hexagon’s NCSIMUL CNC simulation software to simulate 3-axis, 5-axis, and mill-turn machine tools; and I++ Simulator software to simulate complete metrology processes.

“Crashing a machine tool because of incorrect setup is a nightmare for both the new machinist and management concerned that a piece of machinery worth millions could be permanently damaged,” said Alexander Freund, director of product management at Hexagon, “Crashing a virtual machine tool or CMM is safer for staff and equipment and provides a realistic experience to trainees while ensuring that valuable resources remain up and running.”

Staff training to be machine-tool operators, machinists and, ultimately, CNC programmers, can use any of the three controllers to learn how to use its associated conversational programming language. Accompanying student exercises include instruction sheets that mimic typical manufacturing workflows and job specifications. These instructions list virtual cutting tools to be assigned to jobs and the CNC program to be loaded to the trainer unit. In addition to troubleshooting and learning how to switch between manual and automatic run modes as needed, students learn how to set machine-tool origins and tool parameters, and to determine cutting tool compensation.

HxGN Machine Trainer is available globally now, supporting 3-5 axis CNC machine tools, mill-turn machining and CMM training, with support for up to 3 CNC controllers on a single unit. It comes with a library of machine digital twins for Hermle, DMG and Fanuc machines. CMMs support includes the Hexagon TIGO SF, with support for other CMMs through the I++ Simulator, paired with either QUINDOS or PC DMIS metrology software. Customers can request a digital twin of any other machine.

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Eurotech Technologies, the leading provider of audio / video solutions, today introduced BestNet USB-C Active Optical Cable (AOC). The cables are a perfect solution for connecting USB-C devices over long distances up to 15 metres without data / video or power loss. Equipped for transmission of high definition the cable supports data/video transfer up to 10 Gbps and video resolution of 4K@60Hz.

Designed with high quality components the BestNet USB-C Active Optical Cable features Type-C (male) to Type-C (male) comes in gold plated design and the kevlar protected fiber is highly resistant to radio frequency interference and electromagnetic interference, thus making it suitable for sensitive applications. The active optical cables support USB 3.2 Gen 1 standards and are ideal for use in AR / VR, home theatre, medical imaging equipment’s, LED signage’s, television broadcast stations, conferencing, digital signage & wide range of devices.

Available in 10 metres and 15 metres length, the high-performance BestNet USB-C Active Optical Cables are backwards compatible with USB 3.1, USB 3.0, USB 2.0 and USB 1.1. Ensuring no loss in quality, the easy to install, plug & play USB 3.2 Type C cables are engineered for unique needs of enterprises and to ensure performance and quality the cables are tested to the exact specifications and equipped to deliver highly effective interconnections.

“BestNet’s diverse, reliable and comprehensive portfolio of audio / video solutions seamlessly align with the existing system to meet the dynamic interconnect demand across verticals,” said Anuj Jain, Managing Director, Eurotech Technologies.

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Compact, tough, and powerful, the BOXER-6751-ADP is tailored for Industry 4.0 integration.

AAEON, a leading provider of integrated Industry 4.0 solutions, has released the BOXER-6751-ADP, a DIN Rail Fanless Embedded Box PC featuring 12th Generation Intel Core Processors. The BOXER-6751-ADP is equipped with the rugged characteristics that have come to represent its fanless Box PC range, including a compact 74.3mm x 186mm x 127mm chassis with a DIN rail mount for easy, low-profile deployment.

Specifically designed for Industry 4.0 markets such as the manufacturing and energy sectors, the system is equipped with a wide -20°C ~ 60°C temperature range along with a power input range of 9V ~ 36V, making it suitable for deployment in environments with both extreme temperature and power source fluctuations. Heat dissipation is achieved via both an internal and external heatsink, a design choice chosen to avoid the issues that fan-assisted hardware can encounter in factory atmospheres.

A fairly comprehensive set of interfaces provide the necessary connectivity for a range of applications, with key functions being RS-232/422/485 available via two DB-9 ports, digital I/O via a DB-15 port for equipment inspection sensors.

For peripheral devices, the BOXER-6751-ADP contains two ethernet ports supporting 2.5GbE Intel I226-LM and GbE Intel I219-LM, which can be used for cameras or wired networking. It is also equipped with six USB Type-A ports, with three supporting USB 3.2 Gen 2 function and three supporting USB 2.0, alongside dual HDMI 1.4b for display output.

Storage comes in the form of SATA III and NVMe support via a 2.5” Drive Bay and an M.2 2280 M-Key slot respectively. Further expansion options are also available via M.2 2230 E-Key and M.2 3052 B-Key slots, which provide support for Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and 5G modules.

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ASRock Industrial, the leading provider of global industrial motherboards and systems is thrilled to announce the release of iEP-6010E Series Industrial IoT Controller powered by NVIDIA Jetson Orin NX/ Jetson Orin Nano system-on-module (SOM) with up to 100 SPARSE (50 DENSE) INT8 TOPS, providing higher edge computing power for AI applications. The compact iEP-6010E Series feature high performance and energy-efficient inferencing, flexible I/Os and rugged design for harsh environments, supporting 12V to 36V wide range DC power input and wide operating temperature from -25°C to 60°C. The iEP-6010E Series is perfect for real-time AI video processing at the edge, optical inspection, autonomous operation, traffic management, public safety, and many other embedded AI applications.

Revolutionizing AI Computing with Jetson Orin NX/Nano SOM in a Compact Package

The iEP-6010E Series support different configurations, including iEP-6010E based on NVIDIA Jetson Orin NX SOM with 16GB 128-bit LPDDR5 memory, iEP-6011E based on NVIDIA Jetson Orin NX SOM with 8GB 128-bit LPDDR5 memory, iEP-6012E based on NVIDIA Jetson Orin Nano SOM with 8GB 128-bit LPDDR5 memory, and iEP-6013E based on NVIDIA Jetson Orin Nano SOM with 4GB 64-bit LPDDR5 memory. The NVIDIA Jetson Orin NX 16GB SOM boosts up to 100 SPARSE (50 DENSE) INT8 TOPS and almost 5X performance compared to the previous NVIDIA Jetson Xavier NX SOM. The ranged selections come in compact packages of 55 x 170 x 134mm for Basic SKU and 68 x 170 x 134mm (W x H x D) for PoE/5G SKU. With Jetson Orin NX or Orin Nano SOM, the iEP-6010E Series enhance AI processing power of embedded and edge computing devices that demand increased performance but are constrained by size, weight, and power budgets.

iEP-6010E Series Offer Flexible I/Os for Edge AI Applications

The iEP-6010E Series help Edge AI video solution implementation with rich I/Os flexibility. The Series feature two USB 3.2 Gen 2×1 (one with locking feature), two USB 2.0, and two Gigabit LAN in Basic SKU, or PoE SKU with up to two IEEE 802.3AF PoE for camera deployment with power supply and video transmission. There are one HDMI 2.0 for Orin NX SOM and HDMI 1.4 for Orin Nano SOM, one RS-232, one RS-232/422/485 serial ports as well as proprietary IOs- one DB15 connector featuring proprietary design by DIO, incorporating signals for Power/GND and Remote Power Button/Reset. The other DB15 connector is also proprietary including I2C, SPI, CANBUS interface and Power/GND pins, designed for embedded applications. Moreover, the Series’ storage support includes one M.2 Key M (2280) for PCIe Gen 4×4 on iEP-6010E/iEP-6011E and Gen 3×4 on iEP-6012E/iEP-6013E for NVMe SSD storage, with one available Micro SD card slot.

Advanced RF Capabilities and Rugged Design

The iEP-6010E Series support diverse expansions to assist in wireless communications and advanced-level RF connectivity, these include one M.2 Key B socket (3042/3052) for optional 5G modules or 4G LTE module on 5G SKU. There is also one M.2 Key E socket (2230) for optional Wi-Fi modules for all of the SKUs. RF capabilities are through up to four 5G/4G LTE antennae and two Wi-Fi antennae for 5G SKU set up for excellent communications. With a rugged design, the iEP-6010E Series withstand wide operating temperature from up to -25°C to 60°C and support 12V to 36V wide range DC input, with 80V Surge Protection, OVP, UVP, OCP, Reverse Protection. It also features the Phoenix type connector, or PD3.0 20V USB Type-C power adaptor interface with locking mechanism for users to leverage the battery bank for mobility device use cases. In addition, it can serve as backup DC input when the Phoenix type DC IN falls within the range of 21V~36V. The carrier board inside the chassis reserved two dual-lane MIPI-CSI2 interfaces for image capturing as well.

“With the increasing variety and inspirations in Edge AI applications, it is exciting for ASRock Industrial to extend our new product lineup, powered by NVIDIA® Jetson platform, by introducing the iEP-6010E Series. This release demonstrates our commitment to meeting the expanding breadth and depth for AI application requirements worldwide.” said James Lee, President of ASRock Industrial. The Series offer enhanced speed and energy efficiency, versatile I/O options, and advanced RF capabilities that will stimulate the development of new applications in Edge AI.

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Recognizing the Commitment To Net Zero Future

WIKA Instruments India Pvt Ltd, a wholly-owned subsidiary of WIKA Alexander Wiegand SE & Co. KG, Germany, a global market leader in pressure and temperature measurement technology, has been honored with the prestigious Carbon Footprint Reduction Award on June 30, 2023, at the 2nd edition of IE Renewable Business Meet. This accolade marks the recognition of the organization’s unwavering commitment to sustainability and its pursuit of a net-zero future.

“Today, we find ourselves filled with pride as the unwavering dedication we possess towards sustainability and our pursuit of a future with zero net emissions is acknowledged by Industrial Outlook Magazine,” said Prashant Sinha, Head of Marketing EMEA / India from WIKA India, who received this esteemed award on behalf of the organization at the meet.

“This accolade serves as undeniable evidence of our steadfast commitment towards diminishing our carbon footprint and safeguarding our planet for the well-being of forthcoming generations. We hold firm in our belief that each and every action is significant, and it is only through our collaborative endeavors that we can genuinely bring transformative change,” added Sinha.

Sustainability has been among the core values at WIKA since its establishment 75 years ago. The company has established clear and measurable sustainability goals and aligns all its operations and activities with them. The company carefully evaluates the carbon footprint throughout its supply chain.

WIKA has always complied with all the national and international environmental legislations and was awarded with Öko-profit and EcoVadis in 2022.

WIKA also has a targeted emphasis on green energy and is focusing on the emerging segment of green hydrogen to assist India in its transition to a sustainable energy future.

Additionally, WIKA India is maximizing the use of solar power in its plant operations, which is currently at 54%. To reinforce this commitment, WIKA has transformed all four of its factories in India into solar-powered facilities.

WIKA has embedded its carbon neutrality mission throughout its value chain, focusing its product line and quality innovations towards “Engineering Towards Net Zero.”.

With its innovative solutions and wide product range, WIKA supports its customers on their path towards sustainability with the best-possible solutions.

As a pioneer in the industry, WIKA sets an example with enhanced technological advancements in reducing negative environmental impacts and achieving a net-zero carbon footprint by 2030. This aligns its values with UN’s Sustainable Development Goals to make a positive impact on the society.

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STMicroelectronics, a global semiconductor leader serving customers across the spectrum of electronics applications, announced that it will release second quarter 2023 earnings before the opening of trading on the European Stock Exchanges on July 27, 2023.

The press release will be available immediately after the release on the Company’s website at www.st.com.

STMicroelectronics will conduct a conference call with analysts, investors and reporters to discuss its second quarter 2023 financial results and current business outlook on July 27, 2023 at 9:30 a.m. Central European Time (CET) / 3:30 a.m. U.S. Eastern Time (ET).

A live webcast (listen-only mode) of the conference call will be accessible at ST’s website, https://investors.st.com, and will be available for replay until August 11, 2023.

About STMicroelectronics

At ST, we are over 50,000 creators and makers of semiconductor technologies mastering the semiconductor supply chain with state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities. An integrated device manufacturer, we work with more than 200,000 customers and thousands of partners to design and build products, solutions, and ecosystems that address their challenges and opportunities, and the need to support a more sustainable world. Our technologies enable smarter mobility, more efficient power and energy management, and the wide-scale deployment of the Internet of Things and connectivity. We are committed to achieving our goal of becoming carbon neutral by 2027. Further information can be found at www.st.com.

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Heraeus Electronics is proud to announce its participation in the EU-funded research project “ALL2GaN” (Affordable smart GaN IC solutions for greener applications). This collaborative project, led by Infineon Austria, brings together 45 partners from twelve countries with a total budget of approximately 60 million euros. The aim of ALL2GaN is to harness the energy-saving potential of gallium nitride (GaN) power semiconductors, making them easily integrable into various applications to enhance energy efficiency and reduce emissions.

Energy efficiency plays a vital role in reducing carbon emissions and achieving climate neutrality. Gallium nitride (GaN) chips have emerged as a game-changing technology in this regard. They deliver more power in a compact size, ensuring highly efficient energy conversion and minimizing the carbon footprint of digital devices.

As part of the ALL2GaN project, Heraeus Electronics will focus on developing innovative packaging materials specifically tailored for the new generation of GaN chips. These materials will support the miniaturization and high power density of GaN chips, enabling their seamless integration into a wide range of applications.

The project aims to create a modular and easily adaptable GaN power semiconductor toolbox, allowing for swift integration into various applications. This versatility will result in increased energy efficiency and reduced CO2 emissions. Telecommunications, data centers, server farms, e-mobility, renewable energies and smart grid solutions are among the sectors that will benefit from the highly integrable GaN chip generation “Made in Europe.” Projections indicate that this new GaN chip generation can reduce energy losses in applications by an average of 30 percent, saving approximately 218 megatons of CO2 worldwide.

“ALL2GaN is a significant step towards achieving the European Green Deal goals. By developing cost-efficient and easily integrable GaN chips, we are accelerating the transition towards a greener and more sustainable future,” said Dr. Michael Jörger, Head of Business Line Power Electronic Materials. “We are excited to collaborate with leading industry partners and contribute to the advancement of energy-saving technologies that will benefit multiple sectors and reduce the carbon footprint.”

The ALL2GaN project aligns with the European Union’s objectives to drive climate neutrality, promote sustainable growth, and establish a competitive and resilient European industry. It is a key building block in the European Chip Act, fostering the development of a robust European chip ecosystem and contributing to European tech sovereignty.

Heraeus Electronics is committed to driving innovation and sustainability in the power electronics industry, and its participation in the ALL2GaN project demonstrates its dedication to shaping a greener and more energy-efficient future.

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As the automotive industry becomes increasingly connected and reliant on advanced technologies, the potential for cyber threats targeting vehicles has risen exponentially. The integration of electronic systems, internet connectivity, and autonomous features has opened new avenues for cybercriminals to exploit vulnerabilities in automotive cybersecurity. In this article, we will delve into the emerging threats in automotive cybersecurity, explore the challenges they pose, and shed light on the career opportunities that arise in this dynamic field.

The Evolution of Automotive Cybersecurity

The convergence of automotive and information technology has revolutionised the driving experience, with features like infotainment systems, advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS), and vehicle-to-vehicle communication. However, these advancements have also expanded the attack surface for malicious actors. The potential consequences of automotive cyberattacks include unauthorized access to vehicle systems, data theft, manipulation of safety-critical functions, and even remote control of vehicles.

The Rise of Automotive Cybersecurity Threats:

The automotive industry is facing a growing number of cybersecurity threats. The rapid advancements in vehicle technologies have given rise to new cybersecurity challenges. The increasing connectivity of vehicles through features such as infotainment systems, telematics, and autonomous driving capabilities has expanded the attack surface for hackers. As a result, emerging threats in automotive cybersecurity have become a critical concern for manufacturers, regulators, and consumers alike.

One of the prominent threats is the potential for remote hacking of vehicles. Cybercriminals can exploit vulnerabilities in a vehicle’s software or network infrastructure to gain unauthorized access and manipulate critical functions. This can range from disabling brakes and tampering with steering to controlling infotainment systems and accessing personal data stored in the vehicle.

Another significant challenge is the vulnerability of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication networks. These systems, designed to enhance road safety and efficiency, can be compromised, leading to malicious actions such as impersonation attacks, traffic manipulation, or even causing accidents.

In recent years, there have been a number of high-profile cyberattacks on vehicles. In 2015, a group of researchers demonstrated that they could remotely control a Jeep Cherokee’s brakes, steering, and transmission. In 2016, a group of hackers took control of a Tesla Model S and forced it to come to a stop on the highway.These attacks have raised concerns about the security of connected vehicles. If hackers can gain control of a vehicle, they could potentially cause accidents, steal personal information, or even disable critical safety features.

Challenges in Automotive Cybersecurity:

The automotive industry in India is growing rapidly, and with this growth comes an increased focus on cybersecurity. As vehicles become more connected, they are becoming more vulnerable to cyberattacks. This is a major concern for automakers and government agencies in India, as they are responsible for ensuring the safety and security of motorists. These are the some challenges:

• Complexity and Interconnectivity: Modern vehicles are complex systems comprising numerous interconnected electronic components. Ensuring the security of this intricate network of systems poses a significant challenge. Each component, from infotainment systems to engine control units, must be protected to prevent potential exploits.
• Legacy Systems and Updates: Many vehicles on the road today were not designed with cybersecurity in mind. These legacy systems may lack robust security features or receive limited software updates, making them more susceptible to attacks. Retrofitting security measures onto existing vehicles presents a formidable challenge for the industry.
• Short Product Lifecycles: The automotive industry operates on relatively short product lifecycles, making it challenging to implement comprehensive cybersecurity measures. Manufacturers must balance the need for innovation and time-to-market with the rigorous testing and validation necessary to ensure secure systems.
• Supply Chain Vulnerabilities: Automotive cybersecurity is not limited to manufacturers. The complex supply chain involved in vehicle production can introduce vulnerabilities. Cyber threats can originate from compromised components or software introduced during the manufacturing process.

Addressing Automotive Cybersecurity Challenges:

The automotive industry, along with governments, regulatory bodies, and cybersecurity experts, is actively working to address the challenges posed by emerging threats. Several key initiatives are being undertaken:

• Robust Security Frameworks: Establishing industry-wide security standards and frameworks is crucial. Organizations such as the Automotive Information Sharing and Analysis Center (Auto-ISAC) collaborate to develop best practices, share threat intelligence, and enhance cybersecurity across the automotive ecosystem.
• Collaboration and Information Sharing: Increased collaboration between manufacturers, cybersecurity firms, and regulatory bodies is essential to effectively combat emerging threats. Sharing knowledge, vulnerabilities, and mitigation strategies helps the industry stay one step ahead of cybercriminals.
• Security by Design: Integrating cybersecurity measures into the vehicle development lifecycle is crucial. Adopting secure coding practices, conducting thorough risk assessments, and performing regular security audits can minimize vulnerabilities from the outset.
• Continuous Monitoring and Updates: Regular monitoring of vehicle systems and prompt software updates are critical to addressing emerging threats. Over-the-Air (OTA) update capabilities enable manufacturers to deploy security patches and fixes efficiently, ensuring vehicles remain protected throughout their lifecycle.
• User Awareness and Education: Educating vehicle owners and users about the importance of cybersecurity and safe practices is essential. Users should be encouraged to update software, avoid connecting to unsecured networks, and exercise caution when downloading third-party applications.

Automotive Cybersecurity Landscape in India

India is a prominent player in the global automotive industry, and as the country rapidly adopts advanced automotive technologies, the need for robust cybersecurity measures becomes paramount. Several challenges specific to India’s automotive cybersecurity landscape include:

• Skill Gap: India faces a shortage of skilled cybersecurity professionals with specialized knowledge in automotive systems and technologies.
• Regulatory Framework: Although cybersecurity regulations exist, there is a need for comprehensive and industry-specific guidelines that address the unique challenges faced by the automotive sector.
• Collaboration and Information Sharing: Enhancing collaboration between government agencies, industry stakeholders, and cybersecurity experts is crucial for effectively mitigating cyber threats and sharing best practices.
• Awareness and Education: Raising awareness among automakers, suppliers, and consumers about automotive cybersecurity risks and best practices can help foster a security-conscious ecosystem.

Career Opportunities in Automotive Cybersecurity:

The increasing focus on automotive cybersecurity has created a host of exciting career opportunities for individuals with the right skill set. Some of the prominent roles in this field include:

• Automotive Cybersecurity Engineer: These professionals specialize in developing and implementing cybersecurity solutions for vehicles, ensuring the integrity and protection of automotive systems.
• Threat Intelligence Analyst: These experts analyze emerging threats and vulnerabilities, monitor cybercriminal activities, and provide insights to develop effective countermeasures.
• Penetration Tester: Penetration testers, or ethical hackers, assess the security of automotive systems by attempting to exploit vulnerabilities. They help identify weaknesses and recommend mitigation strategies.
• Security Architect: Security architects design and implement robust cybersecurity architectures and solutions for vehicles, considering the unique challenges posed by automotive environments.
• Incident Response Specialist: These professionals play a crucial role in responding to cybersecurity incidents, investigating breaches, and implementing measures to prevent future attacks.
• Regulatory Compliance Specialist: With the introduction of cybersecurity regulations specific to the automotive industry, professionals with expertise in regulatory compliance and standards ensure adherence to cybersecurity requirements.

Conclusion:

As the automotive industry continues to innovate and embrace advanced technologies, the importance of automotive cybersecurity cannot be overstated. The emergence of new threats and challenges necessitates a proactive approach in securing vehicles and protecting consumers. The collaborative efforts of manufacturers, regulatory bodies, and cybersecurity experts are crucial in addressing these challenges and ensuring the safety and integrity of automotive systems. With a promising future, the field of automotive cybersecurity presents exciting career opportunities for individuals passionate about safeguarding the vehicles of tomorrow.

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The newest Renesas DDR5 chips are claimed to boost transfer speeds for both the server and the client.

Using ferroelectric materials, researchers from Lund University developed a new type of reconfigurable transistor.

Renesas signing a 10-year supply agreement with Wolfspeed for silicon carbide (SiC) bare and epitaxial wafers is another stark reminder of an industry-wide transition from silicon to SiC semiconductor power devices across multiple high-volume applications spanning electric vehicles (EVs), renewable energy and storage, charging infrastructure, industrial power supplies, and traction and variable speed drives.

What’s also worth noting is that Renesas will make a deposit of $2 billion to secure the supply in this multi-decade agreement starting in 2025. This $2 billion deposit will support Wolfspeed’s ongoing capacity-building projects, including John Palmour Manufacturing Center for Silicon Carbide or the JP, the world’s largest SiC materials plant in Chatham County, North Carolina. The JP is targeted to generate a more than 10-fold increase from Wolfspeed’s current SiC production capacity in its Durham, North Carolina facility.

That also means that while Wolfspeed will start providing Renesas with 150-mm SiC bare and epitaxial wafers in 2025, the arrangement will eventually expand to 200-mm wafers when the JP is fully operational. And it’s not the only multi-year, multi-country arrangement expanding from 150-mm to 200-mm SiC wafers.

A couple of months ago, Infineon signed a pact with Chinese SiC materials supplier TanKeBlue to secure additional SiC wafers. While the agreement will focus on 150-mm SiC material in the first phase, TanKeBlue will also provide 200-mm SiC material to support Infineon’s transition to 200-mm wafers. Likewise, Qorvo has recently finalized a multi-year supply agreement for SiC bare and epitaxial wafers with SK Siltron CSS, a semiconductor wafer manufacturer based in South Korea.

The multi-year aspect of these deals underscores that SiC semiconductor suppliers are confident of SiC adoption in automotive, industrial, and energy markets. As a result, they are keen to ensure a stable, long-term supply base of high-quality SiC wafers. The second revelation from these announcements is the keenly awaited transition from 150-mm to 200-mm SiC wafers, as it will translate into more chips per wafer and thus lower device costs.

Related Content

• SiC and GaN: A Tale of Two Semiconductors
• Wafer supply deals herald the upcoming SiC boom
• SiC and resurgence of semiconductor vertical integration
• Silicon carbide (SiC) and the road to 800-V electric vehicles
• APEC 2023: SiC moving into mainstream, cost major barrier

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UiPath, a leading enterprise automation software company, today announced a partnership with FutureSkills Prime – A MeitY nasscom initiative to empower the workforce with automation skills and create a digital skilling ecosystem, fostering India’s growth as a global digital talent hub.

FutureSkills Prime is a one-of-a-kind program which aims to make digital skilling and upskilling more accessible and affordable for everyone. The platform offers courses in emerging technologies like robotic process automation (RPA), AI, Big Data, Cloud Computing, Cybersecurity, and more. The RPA Developer Foundation course by UiPath is open to individuals from all backgrounds and is designed to be accessible to everyone. The course, based on UiPath automation, has been specifically created to equip students, freshers, and working professionals with the essential skills to excel in the field of automation and robotics.

This course is available free of cost on the FutureSkills Prime platform. It is aligned with the National Occupational Standards (NOS) – N8611 and N8616, which outline the required knowledge, skills, and understanding for individuals to be competent in respective job roles. After completing the course and clearing the nasscom assessment learners earn the industry recognized nasscom certification and also a Joint Co-Branded Participation certificate from FutureSkills Prime and UiPath.

Automation is gaining popularity in industries like healthcare, finance, and retail. This technology helps automate repetitive tasks, reduce human error, and improve efficiency. The course aims to provide individuals with the skill and knowledge required to succeed in the growing automation market.

“The partnership between UiPath and FutureSkills Prime is a significant step toward equipping India’s workforce with the essential automation skills needed for the digital future,” said Arun Balasubramanian, Vice President and Managing Director India and South Asia, UiPath. “We are excited to launch our flagship RPA Developer Foundation course on the FutureSkills Prime platform. UiPath is committed to democratizing automation and helping professionals and students from all backgrounds to upskill and stay ahead of the curve by providing them with a competitive edge in today’s job market.”

Kirti Seth, CEO, SSC nasscom, said, “Automation is fundamental to accelerating the growth of businesses today and is likely to create 69 mn jobs in the next five years (*according to the latest World Economic Forum report). FutureSkills Prime has joined hands with UiPath, to bring its foundation course to our 1.3 million learners. With this we take another step towards democratizing learning and open opportunities for professionals and students from diverse backgrounds to acquire essential automation skills. With a focus on talent and digital trust, backed by inclusive policies and strong governance, the tech industry in India is on track to make India a global digital talent hub.”

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The e-bike industry in India is expected to experience a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.9% between 2022 and 2027. E-bikes are equipped with integrated electric motors and rechargeable batteries, providing assistance in propulsion. They offer the convenience of adjustable thumb throttle or pedal assist, which enhances the riding experience, especially in hilly areas, inclines, and rough terrain, while also reducing strain on joints. E-bikes serve as affordable, flexible, versatile, and portable transportation options that are cost-effective and environmentally friendly. They require minimal road space and do not produce any emissions. Below is a compilation of the leading 10 electric bicycle companies in India.

Best electric bicycles companies in India

 

1. Hero Lectro E-Cycles

Hero Lectro E-cycles, a subsidiary of Hero Cycles Limited, focuses on manufacturing bicycles and sporting goods. The company specializes in a wide range of e-cycles, cargo e-bikes, and her-cycles, which come with different modes including pedelec, throttle, cruise, and pedal modes. They are committed to constantly improving their products by incorporating innovative features that provide a smooth and convenient e-biking experience. Moreover, Hero Lectro E-cycles is dedicated to introducing eco-friendly, high-speed models that are battery-assisted, to revolutionize transportation and make short-distance commutes more accessible throughout India.

2. EMotorad

EMotorad (EM) has established a reputation as a leading manufacturer of high-quality electric bicycles within the EV industry, with several years of experience. Their lineup of electric cycles is meticulously crafted to cater to the diverse requirements of customers while delivering a distinctive riding experience. These e-bikes are specifically designed to accommodate adventurous journeys as well as daily commuting, and they are offered at affordable price points, ensuring accessibility for a wide range of individuals.

3. Nexzu

Nexzu Mobility is an up-and-coming electric cycle manufacturer in India, dedicated to providing a diverse selection of electric cycles tailored to meet the specific requirements of customers. Nexzu electric cycles stand out due to their incorporation of advanced components and innovative features, such as a dual battery system, a cold rolled steel frame, and a removable battery. The dual battery system allows Nexzu electric cycles to achieve an extended range of up to 100 km per charge. Alongside these cutting-edge components, Nexzu electric cycles are equipped with dual disc brakes for optimal stopping power, a front suspension to ensure a comfortable ride, and offer various health benefits.

4. SS Electric Vehicles

SS Electric Vehicles is a renowned company that specializes in crafting top-tier electric vehicles. Their primary objective is to provide a greener and more sustainable alternative that tackles the escalating issues of air and noise pollution. Their extensive array of offerings encompasses e-loaders, e-cargo vehicles, electric tricycles/trikes, e-rickshaws, electric bicycles, electric bicycle conversion kits, and spare parts for electric vehicles (EVs). The company places equal emphasis on battery-powered (Electric-Drive) and manually pedal-driven EVs within their product range.

5. Trek Bicycle Corporation

Trek Bicycle Corporation, a family-owned enterprise, holds a prominent position as the foremost producer of bicycles available through specialized retailers. With its recent venture into the Indian market, the company strives to offer an elevated purchasing and ownership experience for cycling enthusiasts in India. Their comprehensive product range encompasses helmets, shoes, road bikes, men’s bikes, lights, mountain bikes, women’s bikes, equipment, and jerseys. These products are meticulously manufactured and distributed under esteemed brand names like Trek, Electra Bicycle Company, Diamant Bikers, and Bontrager.

6. SK EBICYCLE LLP

Established in 2017, SK EBICYCLE LLP is an innovative Limited Liability Partnership firm leading the way in green technology. With a specialization in manufacturing electrical machinery, their main emphasis is on creating urban electric bikes that exude elegance, prioritize ergonomics, and boast lightweight construction.

7. Nibe E-motor Limited

Nibe E-motor Limited is a specialized company dedicated to the production of cutting-edge and environmentally conscious electric vehicles, with a particular focus on the two-wheeler market. With a diverse department responsible for the design, development, manufacturing, and trading of E-vehicles, the company delivers high-quality, eco-friendly E-bikes and electricals. Their core mission is to develop green mobility solutions that cater to individuals who embrace active and sustainable lifestyles.

8. PURE EV

PURE, an acronym for Power Using Renewable Energy, is fully committed to accelerating the transition to sustainable energy sources. Operating under the brands “PURE EV” and “PURE Lithium,” the company is engaged in the manufacturing of electric scooters, motorcycles, and high-performance lithium-ion batteries. To support EV powertrain development and testing, PURE has established a dedicated manufacturing unit and an advanced research and development facility located in Hyderabad.

9. Motovolt

Motovolt (MV) excels in providing high-quality smart e-bikes that boast a multitude of advanced features. As a result, MV has established itself as one of the premier electric bicycle manufacturers not only in India but also globally. Motovolt’s electric cycles are equipped with a robust motor capable of reaching speeds up to 25 mph, ensuring a thrilling ride. Additionally, their electric cycles incorporate a unique pedal-assist system, allowing riders to easily customize the intensity of their biking experience. Alongside the powerful motor, Motovolt electric cycles showcase sophisticated components such as lithium-ion batteries and regenerative brakes, effectively reducing operational costs.

10. Elektron Cycles

Elektron Cycles is renowned for its electric bicycles that excel in performance, thanks to their cutting-edge design and advanced technology. These electric bicycles incorporate state-of-the-art features, including IoT integration, to enhance mileage per charge, comfort, and convenience. With superior components, materials, and the inclusion of global positioning systems (GPS), Elektron Cycles prioritizes the development of eco-friendly products. These bicycles not only help reduce carbon footprints but also promote the overall well-being of society.

 

Conclusion

The Indian electric bicycle market is experiencing remarkable expansion, fueled by the rising need for sustainable and effective transportation alternatives. The top 10 electric bicycle companies highlighted in this article are leading the charge in this transformative movement, providing inventive electric bicycles tailored to meet diverse consumer needs. With their dedication to green technology and an emphasis on delivering top-notch performance, these companies are shaping the trajectory of two-wheeler mobility in India. Electric bicycles are gaining significant popularity among eco-conscious individuals seeking greener and healthier means of transportation, be it for daily commutes, leisure activities, or sports.

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The surrogacy tourism market is estimated at US$ 258.8 million in 2023 and is projected to reach US$ 468.9 million by 2033, at a CAGR of 6.1% from 2023 to 2033. Total sales of surrogacy tourism represent 2-3% of the market.

Gestational surrogacy dominated the tourism market by type and is expected to continue this trend throughout the forecast period, owing to surrogacy professionals’ high adoption of gestational techniques and technological advancements.

Major Indicators Creating a Buzz about Surrogacy Tourism

Expensive fertility treatment, unsuccessful infertility treatment, ban of surrogacy practice in many countries, an increase in the number of single parents as well as homosexual couples, and women becoming health conscious are some of the prominent drivers that are boosting the demand for surrogacy tourism all over the globe.

• Tourism, medical, and reproductive technology improvements are critical to the expansion of surrogacy tourism. Outside of the United States, there are numerous qualified and knowledgeable doctors who undertake third-party reproduction in nations such as India, Mexico, and El Salvador.
• In many places, surrogates rent their womb with the motivation to get financial rewards, and some have even started opting for it as their career.
• Surrogacy tourism is witnessing the trend of tie-ups in hospitality’s different regions, where hospitals in the banned surrogacy country refer tie-up hospitals to the patients.
• Another market trend is clinics and doctors assisting service receivers in finding a surrogate. Many medical tourism agencies are emerging that support surrogates throughout the process; they have tied up with several clinics and doctors.

The Challenges and Constraints Confronting the Global Market

• Less Awareness

The challenges that hinder surrogacy tourism to an extent are less awareness or unclear information about the surrogacy concept and the entire surrogacy tourism exercise.

• Proclaimed an Illegal Act

Moreover, in many regions, surrogacy is an illegal act and banned – countries including Thailand, India, and many others.

• Concerns about Reliability

The mindset of many couples to have their baby and reliability issues are the other factor that has hampered surrogacy tourism. Other challenges, such as adoption, treatment, and financial, administrative, or practical issues of the service receiver, hinder surrogacy tourism.

• A Taboo

Many developing regions such as Asia, the Middle East, and Africa consider single parents and homosexual marriage a taboo; hence due to society’s bondage and hesitation, many do not go for practicing surrogacy.

What makes surrogacy such a life-changing experience for all individuals involved?

This process requires great patience, medical and legal knowledge, and a robust support system.

Surrogates have the opportunity to help needy families while also being compensated for their efforts. Ultimately, everyone benefits the intended parents, the surrogate, and any other related person or entity.

Many economic destinations offer surrogacy at a low cost while still providing access to the world’s best medical facilities and ART quality. Surrogacy services are available at a meager cost in Kenya, a country that has recently emerged as a favorable hub for fertility tourism.

Global Surrogacy Tourism Market Outlook

Technological improvements in aided surrogate technologies, increased awareness regarding infertility treatment, and the development of several fertility clinics drive the growth of the surrogacy tourism market during the forecast period. However, high costs related to the procedure and stringent regulations about surrogacy in several countries restrict the opportunities for surrogacy tourism.

Various factors that lead to infertility include the problem with sperm or egg production, age, genetic factors, and unnecessary exposure to some chemicals and contaminants. Alcohol consumption, steroid use, surgical removal of one of the testicles due to cancer, and diabetes can also result in low sperm count, thereby leading to infertility problems in men, boosting the demand for surrogacy and demand for surrogacy tourism on the whole.

Hormonal disorders, benign uterine growths, abnormal anatomy of the cervix or uterus, blocked fallopian tubes, stress, chemotherapy, kidney, or sickle cell disease can all cause infertility in women, resulting in an increasing trend in demand for surrogacy and demand for surrogacy tourism in general.

The rise in several fertility clinics, along with growth in awareness about fertility treatments such as sperm/egg donation and in-vitro fertilization, escalates the adoption of fertility treatments, thereby propelling the surrogacy tourism market growth.

Moreover, the rise in the prevalence of polycystic ovarian syndrome in women leads to difficulty conceiving a child, resulting in escalated demand for surrogate mothers, thereby expanding surrogacy tourism. However, stringent regulations about commercial methods and the high cost involved in the procedure hamper the global market growth.

Category-wise Insights What Type of Surrogacy is Preferred in Various Countries?

Technological advancements have played an important role in the market.

The traditional segment of the global market was worth more than US$ 220 million. Traditional surrogacy involves fewer medical procedures and is less expensive than other ART treatments. Traditional surrogacy, on the other hand, carries a higher emotional and legal risk than gestational surrogacy.

Moreover, surrogacy professionals’ high adoption of gestational techniques and technological advancements are expected to drive segment growth and surge the surrogacy tourism market. Furthermore, the emotional and legal complexity associated with traditional surrogacy further propels the adoption of gestational surrogacy and the adoption of surrogacy tourism on the whole.

Which Type of Technology is used for the Process of Surrogacy?

IVF (with ICSI) is considered the safest and best method used for surrogacy.

By technology, the IVF (with ICSI) segment accounted for a maximum share of the global market. This segment is expected to exhibit a prominent growth rate, attributed to the fact that it has revolutionized male infertility treatment, as it requires a smaller number of sperm that are penetrated eggs with the help of an injection technique.

Which age of women is preferred for surrogacy?

Women aged between 26 – 35 are usually preferred for surrogacy.

The surrogacy process is quite delicate and complex, so the entire process should be carried out with utmost care. It includes the person going through it, i.e., women. As the age grows, the risk factors also increase, which can lead to unwanted consequences like causing harm to both the woman and the fetus inside.

Hence, the age factor is one of the essential elements to be taken care of during the surrogacy process, influencing the surrogacy tourism market’s key trends and opportunities.

Which is the Higher Contributor for the Service Provider Segment in the Global Market?

The presence of sophisticated facilities and equipment for advanced infertility treatments in hospitals drives segment growth.

The hospital segment of the market was worth more than US$ 1 billion in 2020, owing to an increase in the number of hospitals offering surrogacy treatment and the availability of advanced facilities.

Furthermore, rising healthcare investment and the availability of advanced equipment in hospitals drive the global market. As a result, a positive outcome and the presence of qualified clinical staff for surrogacy treatment in the hospital drive the market.

Region-wise Insights What is the demand outlook for the market in North America?

North America is Expected to Dominate the Global Surrogacy Market

North America is expected to dominate the market due to increased gestational surrogacy, increasing fertility centers, and technological advancements in this region.

For instance, according to the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), gestational carrier cycles resulted in more than 75% of infants born. The market share held by the North American market is 26%.

In North American countries, surrogacy is expensive, ranging from around US$ 120,000 to US$ 200,000, especially in the United States.

What are the various regulatory laws in European countries?

Europe has a higher share in the global market of approximately 40%.

Surrogacy is recognized under section 30 of the Human Fertilization and Embryology Act 2008; In May 2016, a ruling by the Family Division of the High Court of Justice for England and Wales determined that single people can apply to be recognized as the legal parents of a child following a surrogacy arrangement.

In December 2018, allow applications from individuals subject to conditions, including genetic relation to the child. Singles, as well as homosexuals seeking parenthood, may use it as well, provided that they are United Kingdom residents. The 1985 Surrogacy Arrangements Act prohibits surrogacy-related commercial arrangements.

Apart from the United Kingdom, other major European countries like France, Germany, Spain, and Italy have banned the concept of surrogacy and don’t encourage it, hampering market opportunities.

What is the Global Market Outlook for the Asia Pacific Region?

Due to the low cost of surrogacy treatment and the significant rise in reproductive tourism, the Asia Pacific market captured more than 28% of the revenue share. Furthermore, healthcare facilities for providing fertility treatments are expanding in developing countries.

Thus, low treatment costs, top medical professionals’ availability, and favorable surrogacy treatment regulations are influencing regional market growth along with key trends and opportunities.

Competitive Landscape

The competitive landscape of the market has also been examined along with the profiles of the key players like IV Marbella (Spain), Istanbul Fertility and Women’s Health Center (Turkey), Intersono IVF Clinic (Ukraine), Embryolab (Greece), GEST (Praga Medica) (Czech Republic), Smart Choice Medical Travel (Hungary), Ava-Peter Clinic (Russia), Nadezhda Fertility Clinic (Bulgaria) and Medicover Fertility (India) among many others.

Recent Developments in the Global Market are:

In 2021, Triangle Capital Corporation announced its acquisition of Bourn Hall Ltd., a British fertility clinic—the purchase to help the company enhance its reach to its customers and offer business expansion opportunities.

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