Reddit:Electronics

This two images i took a long time ago are from a smd led, its curious to se the two little wires connecting the led!.

implemented the whole thing on a PYNQ-Z2 FPGA + an Arduino UNO (probably a clone lol).

made my own custom keyboard using ~30 pushbuttons,

connected them to a 32:5 encoder (which is made using 4* 8:3 encoders and some AND gate ICs)

resulting in a 5 bit input to the fpga.

fpga then debounces the input, decodes the 5bit signal back to 30 buttons,

which are then connected to the internal keyboard of the fpga.

now, every button pressed results in the insertion of a character into the calc's input buffer.

could be a number, operator, function, decimal, comma, parenthesis, one of the 2 constants pi & e

each character is repersented by a unique 8 bit ID

when "evaluate" signal is sent, the gears start spinning

first, the numbuilder converts the seperate tokens of a number, like :
9 . 0 1 8 3 9 1 into a single number: 9.018391

Represented in a type, sign, mantissa, signed exponent format, so:

2+1+34+7 = 44 bits in total

then comes the infix to postfix converter

then the postfix evaluator

and when it's done evaluating, the final SPI master takes the initial input buffer, and the final answer as inputs, and sends them to an arduino via the SPI protocol. (unidirectional, since the arduino dosen't have to talk back to the FPGA)

then the arduino displays the buffer and the final answer on the 16*2 LCD display using preexisting libraries

(grossly oversimplified the whole flow, but yea these are all the modules in the picture)

im still a beginner but im proud to be a digital electronics enthusiast, there's still alot i need to learn!!

This is a Siemens RS 3021 CJ tube, it is a 25kW output triode made for CO2 Laser applications and General transmitter use.

Thoriated Tungsten glowing so hot its showing through ceramic.

It draws 137A at 5.7V that is almost 800W of heater power. the 500A inrush current blew my 16A breaker several times even with a 200W lamp soft start.

Since the tube was ran with no cooling it was only run for a short time and the connections never exceeded 50°C - 70°C well within the 220°C maximum the datasheet mentions.

This one and a lot of other high votlage RF components came out of an 2kW metal cutting laser that was scrapped due to it being too expensive to run due to it being incredibly inefficient and it needed a special gas mixture. I have the 20kVA 6.6kV transfomer. Rectifier, tube unit etc. I am thinking of building a large High Frequency Tesla Coil (HFVTTC) with it.

The tube unit was rated for 11kW of RF output.

( Hüttinger Elektronik HF-Endstufe 11kW B 72-0012)

Measuring an 8 picofarad capacitor.

Well, I made a post awhile back about 3D printing a solder paist mask. I was finally able to mod/tune my 3d printer enough to get something usable. I outfitted my Ender3 V2 printer with a 0.2mm nozzle and gave my layer height a setting of 0.1mm. Please note that this was never for production boards as I am only doing 2 or 3 prototype boards with it. There is one or two glitchy areas with it which i attribute to not having dry filliment. Doing this will definitly save a lot of time manually putting paist on the boards.

This is TAP Game — my fully homemade pocket-sized two-player reaction game.

How to play:

Central SIGNAL LED blinks 3 times — get ready!

After a random delay the signal lights up

First player to smash their big tactile button wins the round

Each player has 3 heart LEDs for score tracking

First to 3 points wins the match

Built-in anti-cheat / spam protection

It runs on a single CR2032 coin cell using a bare ATmega328P (internal 8 MHz). Fully custom KiCad PCB, hand-soldered SMD components. Super compact and makes an excellent keychain for your keys!

I've been designing this 6-stage symmetrical half-wave voltage multiplier build.

I was planning to build it like this: battery->zvs circuit for getting ac and proper 50kHz frequency->small transformer for upping the voltage to 10kV->multiplier. The lower part generates negative voltage, and the upper part positive, both 120kV so combined they give a 240kV spark.

AngstromIO is one of the smallest devboards out there, barely longer than a USB-C connector, based on the ATtiny1616 MCU (16kB flash). It comes with 2 Addressable RGB LEDs, and 2 GPIOs as well as I2C lines are broken out. I made a dual CH340 programming board too, both for UPDI programming and debugging (one way Serial Communication).

(not related, but I also designed a breadboard friendly, experimentation board for the CH32V003, with a 5x4 charlieplexed LED matrix. This way I ordered all the designs on one PCB panel)

The ATtiny1616 may not be the most powerful MCU, but it has really attractive advantages too: It's cheap (70 cents), comes in a small QFN20 package, doesn't need any external components, has excellent power consumption (200nA in PWR down mode), and can be programmed with the Arduino IDE, thanks to SpenceKonde megaTinyCore library (via UPDI)

This devboard is minimalist, and I kept it simple, so it's applications might be limited (the USB C is only for power, no data), but I think it's a really cool tiny devboard for small projects where some basic logic is required (handling I2C sensors, getting a visual feedback (2x RGB LEDs), toggling GPIOs), but in a space constrained design, I'm thinking for example of using this board, like you would do with a USB-C PCB breakout board in a 3D enclosure: Instead of just providing 5V, it already comes with 2 LEDs, GPIOs and some computational power.

The Programmer is an all in one module, that will make debugging with the Serial monitor while programming easy: one board for both.

I hope you'll enjoy, and don't hesitate to check out the Github 😉

https://github.com/Dieu-de-l-elec/AngstromIO-devboard/tree/main

Took the laser PCB process a bit further and pushed this one to a fully working board.

The vias are drilled with a sub-mm bit and stitched manually with wire to tie the planes together. It’s basically sewing the board to keep the return path tight.

Main goal here was reducing loop inductance as much as possible since this is driving a SiC switching stage.

Not trying to replace fab boards, but for fast iteration this is actually way more capable than I expected.

Still experimenting with how far this approach can go in terms of switching performance vs a proper manufactured board.

Hey, I built a Bluetooth audio amp based around the TPA3110. The QCC5125 uses differential audio signals for the TPA. I had to cut some ground lanes on the PCB for it to work because those cheap TPA boards use the same ground. USB trigger board for a 12V linear reg to an isolated 5V converter. Works really good; I only hear a quiet noise about 2-3cm in front of the speaker. I have 2x 15W 4-ohm speakers. What do you think? Anything to add, or just finish it with a case?

I wish I had been smart and careful enough not to use a freerouter.

I'm honestly so happy I finally got it to work. I'm new to his but I love figuring out the ins and outs.

Not sure how you all feel about LLMs, but I have been letting Claude get involved in my electronics projects recently.

After a great deal of experimentation using Rigol DS1054Z over LAN with Claude Code, I've built a small MCP server that lets Claude fully drive the scope.

It exposes things like:

• configuring channels / trigger / timebase
• running measurements (Vpp, frequency, etc.)
• downloading waveform data with basic heuristics for Claude to plan around
• capturing screenshots that Claude can view

It's just SCPI with Python, but wrapping it as MCP tools makes it surprisingly usable for iterative diagnosis!

Repo: https://github.com/erebusnz/rigol-mcp

Curious if anyone else is using Claude for their electrical engineering. Claude is surprisingly good.

Example use:

Here's a real example with a frequency generator + LCR connected to Channel 2 but with Channel 1 set up (incorrectly). Claude was able to get the waveform visible and correctly guess what it was seeing.

using my rigol scope figure out how to get a clean measurement

● rigol.idn RIGOL TECHNOLOGIES,DS1104Z,...

● rigol.get_scope_state CH1 active, 10x probe, 1V/div, DC Scope STOPped Trigger level: 0V Channel offset: ~1.68V

→ Trigger mismatch → unstable/dirty capture

→ Running autoscale...

● rigol.autoscale

→ Signal detected on CH2 (not CH1) → Trigger locked (TD) on CH2 ~0V

● rigol.measure(CH2, FREQUENCY) 1.298701e+06 Hz

● rigol.measure(CH2, VPP) 5.08 V

● rigol.measure(CH2, VRMS) 0.723 V

● rigol.screenshot [captured]

✓ Clean measurement achieved

Results: Frequency: ~1.30 MHz Vpp: ~5.08 V Vrms: ~721 mV

Waveform: Step response with damped ringing → square wave exciting an LC resonance

Since i'm planning to build a bigger batch of USBpwrMe i actually need to test each unit in a fast and repeatable way. Therefore i have designed a test jig that will measure all functions.

There are 2 voltage regulators that will supply the test jig itself with 5V but also a 6V regulator to be able to make a test of an over voltage circuit with a threshold of 5.6-5.7V.

INA139 will monitor the current of the DUT thru a shunt of 0.5 ohm or less. This will be optimized depending on what the DUT will actually consume.

On the test jig board a PIC Mcu will control and manage the whole test and test instructions and results will be presented on a 2x16lcd display. The test is not high tech but the DUT must be manipulated with external resistors and voltages to be tested. This is mostly handled by 3 relays.

Connection to the DUT will be easy using the banana connectors and the USB outputs which has corresponding mating connectors on the test jig.

Following steps will be performed

1 It will measure the current consumption of the board to see if there is excessive power consumption

2 It will change polarity on the DUT and measure if there is any voltage on the output.

3 It will will apply resistors on the D+ and D- lines och the USB-A connector and measure so that expected voltage appears.

4 It will apply resistors on the CC1 and CC2 line for the USB-C connector. Vbus1, Vbus2, CC1 and CC2 are measured. If negotiation is correct it will enable Vbus.

5 It will change input voltage from 5V to 6V and test so that the OVP protection works.

6 Finally it will test the OVP mode switch by telling user to turn of OVP. And measures that Vbus goes on.

The test will hopefully test a unit under 5s.

The Gerber files are already sent to manufacturer and are in production. Now you might wonder why a choose a to small board that won't fit the display. Well at first i did. And when i uploaded the gerbers files it was around 40Usd to get it manufactured and shipped. By reducing the height of the board with 3cm the cost was 12Usd. Since it's only a testjigg and will be put into a casing i rather save some money!!!

The PCB has 4 layer stack up. Not really needed but it's much easier to route the signals and takes less time. The schematic and routing took around 5hours.

Funny thing is that the test jig is way more advanced than the product it is itended to test :) :)

About once a year or so I have to solder up a smallish stripboard. I designed them on paper, which is kind of annoying if you make a mistake or want to change something. So this time I tried finding a simple stripboard editor but couldn't really find one that's easy and fast to use for simple projects. Therefore I just decided to create my own.

It uses a split-screen layout with a very basic schematic editor on the left and a stripboard editor on the right. You first design a schematic and then place the components on the stripboard. Having the schematic allows for conflict detection, strip colouring and checking for unfinished nets on the stripboard.

You can check it out here: https://stripboard-editor.com

My goal was to create a fast, simple to use editor for small projects where it's not worth the trouble to use a complex editor but hard enough where using paper or your head only would be annoying. (I dont make any money of this in anyway, its just a personal hobby project I think could be useful)

If you have any feedback, Id love to hear it.

Greetings, Karl