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MICLEDI Microdisplays B.V. of Leuven, Belgium — a fabless developer of micro-LED display modules for augmented reality (AR) glasses that was spun off from nanoelectronics research center IMEC in 2019 —showcased its range of red, green and blue (R, G and B) µLEDs at the SPIE AR-VR-MR 2024 exhibition in San Francisco, CA, USA (30–31 January), colocated with Photonics West 2024...

Проректор С.І.Сидоренко про міжнародну діяльність університету в 2023 році та завдання з її подальшого розвитку Інформація КП ср, 01/31/2024 - 17:15

Designers can now see more with less light thanks to new optical sensors from a University of Sheffield spinout company.

In the current fast-paced world, when safety and efficiency are critical in all facets of life, vehicle monitoring systems have become a transportation and logistics industry game-changer. These cutting-edge technologies improve security measures and optimize fleet management, among many other advantages. Let’s take a closer look at car monitoring systems, examining their many varieties, features, uses, advantages, and bright future.

What is a Vehicle Tracking System?

Real-time vehicle monitoring and management are made possible by vehicle tracking systems, sometimes referred to as fleet tracking systems or GPS tracking systems. It tracks the position, speed, and status of cars remotely by utilizing GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) and GPS (Global Positioning System) technology.

Types of Vehicle Tracking Systems

There are several kinds of car tracking systems out there, each designed to meet particular requirements and tastes:

1. Passive Tracking Systems: These solutions allow data to be stored inside the car on a device that can be accessed and analyzed at a later time. Although they are inexpensive, they cannot be tracked in real-time.
2. Active Tracking Systems: With the real-time data transfer offered by active tracking systems, vehicle location, speed, and other parameters may be immediately monitored.
3. Satellite Tracking Systems: Since satellite communication is used to provide precise tracking, satellite-based tracking systems are perfect for rural or off-grid locations where standard cellular networks might not be accessible.

How Does a Vehicle Tracking System Work?

The onboard diagnostics system of a car uses GPS technology to operate in conjunction with vehicle tracking systems. Position data is gathered by GPS receivers mounted in the car and sent to a centralized server or cloud-based platform over cellular networks. Users can use mobile or web applications to get real-time tracking data and analytics.

Vehicle Tracking System Applications

There are numerous uses for vehicle tracking systems in different areas and businesses, such as:

1. Fleet Management: Tracking systems are used by firms that own fleets of cars, like delivery services and transportation companies, to keep an eye on driver safety, maximize fuel efficiency, and monitor vehicle routes.
2. Asset Tracking: Vehicle tracking systems are used to reduce the risk of theft and unlawful usage by tracking valuable assets, such as trailers and construction equipment.
3. Public Transportation: Tracking systems are used by public transportation companies to increase timetable adherence, improve passenger safety, and streamline operations.
4. Personal Vehicles: Individuals use tracking systems for personal vehicles to monitor teenage drivers, track stolen vehicles, and ensure family safety during road trips.

Benefits of Vehicle Tracking Systems

Installing tracking devices in cars has several advantages:

1. Improved Efficiency: Vehicle tracking solutions increase fleet productivity overall, cut down on idle time, and optimize route planning.
2. Enhanced Safety: In addition to ensuring that speed limits and safety standards are followed, real-time monitoring also encourages safer driving practices and allows for prompt emergency action.
3. Cost Savings: Through the reduction of fuel consumption, the mitigation of vehicle wear and tear, and the prevention of theft, tracking systems yield substantial cost savings for commercial enterprises.
4. Enhanced Customer Service: Accurate arrival times and timely delivery updates increase client happiness and loyalty.

Future of Vehicle Tracking Systems

Vehicle tracking systems have a bright future ahead of them as long as technology keeps developing. The capabilities of monitoring systems will be further enhanced by developments in AI (Artificial Intelligence), IoT (Internet of Things), and Big Data analytics. These developments will make it possible to track autonomous vehicles, do predictive maintenance, and seamlessly integrate with other smart city efforts.

In conclusion, vehicle tracking technologies, which provide unmatched efficiency, safety, and cost savings, have completely changed the way we manage and keep an eye on our cars. These systems will continue to be crucial in determining how logistics and transportation are developed in the future with continued improvements and innovations.

The post Unlocking Safety and Efficiency: Vehicle Tracking Systems’ Power appeared first on ELE Times.

Скиди для ЗСУ від київських політехніків medialab ср, 01/31/2024 - 13:26

Teledyne e2v HiRel Electronics of Milpitas, CA, USA (part of the Teledyne Defense Electronics Group that provides solutions, sub-systems and components to the space, transportation, defense and industrial markets) has announced the availability of the model TDLNA0430SEP radiation-tolerant UHF to S-band low-noise amplifier (LNA), suitable for demanding high-reliability space applications where low noise figure, minimal power consumption and small package footprint are critical to mission success...

Memory chips like DRAMs, long subject to cyclical trends, are now eying a more stable and steady market: artificial intelligence (AI). Take the case of SK hynix, the world’s second-largest supplier of memory chips. According to its chief financial officer, Kim Woo-hyun, the company is ready to grow into a total AI memory provider by leading changes and presenting customized solutions.

The South Korean chipmaker has been successfully pairing its high-bandwidth memory (HBM) devices with Nvidia’s H100 graphics processing units (GPUs) and others for processing vast amounts of data in generative AI. Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT increasingly demand high-performance memory chips to enable generative AI models to store details from past conversations and user preferences to generate human-like responses.

Figure 1 SK hynix is consolidating its HBM capabilities to stay ahead of the curve in AI memory space.

In fact, AI companies are complaining that they can’t get enough memory chips. OpenAI CEO Sam Altman has recently visited South Korea, where he met senior executives from SK hynix and Samsung, the world’s largest memory chip suppliers followed by Micron of the United States. OpenAI’s ChatGPT technology has been vital in spurring demand for processors and memory chips running AI applications.

SK hynix’s HBM edge

SK hynix’s lucky break in the AI realm came when it surpassed Samsung by launching the first HBM device in 2015 and gained a massive head start in serving GPUs for high-speed computing applications like gaming cards. HBM vertically interconnects multiple DRAM chips to dramatically increase data processing speed compared with earlier DRAM products.

Not surprisingly, therefore, these memory devices have been widely used to power generative AI devices operating on high-performance computing systems. Case in point: SK hynix’s sales of HBM3 chips have increased by more than fivefold in 2023 compared to a year earlier. A Digitimes report claims that Nvidia has paid SK hynix and Micron advanced sums ranging from $540 million to $770 million to secure the supply of HBM memory chips for its GPU offerings.

SK hynix plans to proceed with the mass production of the next version of these memory devices—HBM3E—while also carrying out the development of next-generation memory chips called HBM4. According to reports published in the Korean media, Nvidia plans to pair its H200 and B100 GPUs with six and eight HBM3E modules, respectively. HBM3E, which significantly improves speed compared to HBM3, can process data up to 1.15 terabytes per second.

Figure 2 SK hynix is expected to begin mass production of HBM3E in the first half of 2024.

The Korean memory supplier calls HBM3E an AI memory product while claiming technological leadership in this space. While both Samsung and Micron are known to have their HBM3E devices ready and in the certification process at AI powerhouses like Nvidia, SK hynix seems to be a step ahead of its memory rivals. Take, for example, HBM4, currently under development at SK hynix; it’s expected to be ready for commercial launch in 2025.

What’s especially notable about HBM4 is its ability to stack memory directly on processors, eliminating interposers altogether. Currently, HBM stacks integrate 8, 12, or 16 memory devices next to CPUs or GPUs, and these memory devices are connected to these processors using an interface. Integrating memory directly onto processors will change how chips are designed and fabricated.

An AI memory company

Industry analysts also see SK hynix as the key beneficiary of the AI-centric memory upcycle because it’s a pure-play memory company, unlike its archrival Samsung. It’s worth noting that Samsung is also heavily investing in AI research and development to bolster its memory offerings.

AI does require a lot of memory and it’s no surprise that South Korea, housing the top two memory suppliers, aspires to become an AI powerhouse. SK hynix, on its part, has already demonstrated its relevance in designs for AI servers and on-device AI adoption.

While talking about memory’s crucial role in generative AI at CES 2024 in Las Vegas, its CEO Kwak Noh-Jung vowed to double the company’s market cap in three years. That’s why it’s now seeking to become a total AI memory provider while seeking a fast turnaround with high-value HBM products.

Related Content

• AI, AR Drive Memory Updates
• Conventional Memory Is Key to Ubiquitous AI
• Memory Bottlenecks: Overcoming a Common AI Problem
• Generative AI and memory wall: A wakeup call for IC industry
• How SK hynix’s Memory Solution Technology Gives It an Edge in the Market

The post HBM memory chips: The unsung hero of the AI revolution appeared first on EDN.

Infineon Technologies is the first company in the industry to receive the ISO/SAE 21434 cybersecurity certification for its SLI37 automotive security controller family. This enables a high level of security with ISO/SAE-compliant products and will facilitate customer integration into automotive applications such as secured devices for V2X (Vehicle-to-everything) communication. It follows the certification of Infineon’s cybersecurity management system, which was announced in November 2022.

“At Infineon, we are constantly improving our security offering,” said Sebastien Colle, Vice President, ‘Security’ at Infineon. “We enable our customers to easily demonstrate their compliance with ISO/SAE 21434. I am particularly proud that the Common Criteria certification has been used as a bridge to demonstrate compliance with ISO/SAE 21434. This is a testament to the power of Common Criteria as a generic tool that can serve application verticals. With the combination of ISO/SAE 21434 and CC EAL6+ (high) certificates, Infineon’s SLI37 controllers provide the best benchmark for security verification in the automotive world today.”

The hardware-based security features of ISO/SAE 21434 certified devices can provide a reliable foundation for a multi-layered security architecture, enabling a root-of-trust. This plays an important role in the automotive industry, where system security is mandatory for vehicle safety. Therefore, Infineon’s SLI37 automotive cybersecurity solutions provide a secured foundation for automotive applications to comply with the ISO/SAE 21434 standard.

As part of the certification process, a security evaluation was conducted by TÜV-IT GmbH, an accredited and independent security evaluator, which concluded that the products have demonstrated resistance to attackers with high attack potential. This also includes protection against physical attacks such as fault and spike attacks, as well as power and side-channel analysis.

The post Infineon achieves ISO/SAE 21434 certification for SLI37 automotive security controllers appeared first on ELE Times.

In collaboration with device manufacturer OMS and pmdtechnologies, an expert in Time of Flight (ToF) technology, Infineon Technologies has developed a new high-resolution camera solution that enables enhanced depth sensing and 3D scene understanding for next-generation smart consumer robots. The new hybrid Time of Flight (hToF) solution combines two depth sensing concepts and helps significantly reduce maintenance effort and costs for smart robots.

Infineon’s REAL3 flexible ToF imager technology enables the combination of established high-resolution iToF flood illumination and dToF long-range spot illumination in a single hybrid Time of Flight camera. For many years now, this high-resolution technology has been used to see the smallest objects in the path of the robot and navigate around them. Adding precise long-range spot data now also allows the creation of an accurate 3D map of the surrounding area for intelligent path planning experiences even in challenging light conditions of bright sunlight or darkness that empower the next-generation robot vacuum cleaner.

The new solution reduces the height of robot vacuum cleaners by 20-30 per cent, fully replacing the top-mounted LDS (Laser Distance Scanner) making it possible to clean even under furniture with low clearance. Measuring only 31x16x8 mm, the hybrid ToF camera requires much less space for improved mapping and obstacle avoidance functionality. Making multiple sensors redundant, hybrid ToF reduces system costs as well as operation costs, since there are no moving parts that wear out over time.

The solution serves customers with a simplified and user-friendly approach to implementation. The compact hybrid ToF solution is versatile and robust and aligns well with the evolving needs of mobile consumer robot devices in various industries such as robot vacuum cleaners, commercial robots, air-purifiers and size measurement.

“The partnership with pmdtechnologies and OMS is a great example of how Infineon fosters technology innovation and digitalization together,” said Andreas Kopetz, Vice President Ambient Sensing at Infineon. “Our hybrid ToF solution caters to a rapidly expanding consumer robotic market with a wide array of applications and makes it possible for customers to come up with unique robot designs, on top of reduced system costs and complexity by one camera replacing multiple.”

“Infineon and pmdtechnologies’ hybrid ToF adopts an innovative patent architecture and is paired with dual illumination,” said Eden Xiao, General Manager, Jiangxi OMS Microelectronics Co., Ltd. “For a manufacturer like OMS, the solution has exceptional advantages such as small size, low power consumption, and a reduction of overall application cost. We are excited to utilize the unique optical design scheme that avoids multipath problems and achieves a combination of precise positioning and obstacle avoidance, further enhancing the competitiveness of hybrid ToF camera products.”

The post Infineon presents hybrid Time of Flight (hToF): Advanced technology for next-generation smart robots appeared first on ELE Times.

KYOCERA AVX, a leading global manufacturer of advanced electronic components, has announced the expansion of its 9155-800 Series vertical-mate, 2.0mm-pitch battery connectors. The expansion includes the addition of new seven- and eight-position models, aimed at satisfying customer demand for higher signal and current capabilities.

These connectors, part of KYOCERA AVX’s extensive portfolio engineered to accelerate technological innovation, feature a unique contact geometry allowing full vertical engagement without risking contact damage. Unlike traditional battery connectors requiring specific engagement procedures, the 9155-800 Series can be mated from any angle, offering users greater flexibility and convenience.

Designed for a wide range of applications including industrial, medical, and consumer electronics markets, the 9155-800 Series connectors boast an array of features including a forgiving sweeping beam contact design, anti-snag feature, and robust gold-plated beryllium copper contacts capable of enduring over 5,000 mating cycles.

Furthermore, these connectors are compatible with signal and power circuits, providing users with versatility in their applications. They are constructed with flame-retardant materials and are RoHS compliant, ensuring safety and regulatory compliance.

Perrin Hardee, Product Marketing Manager at KYOCERA AVX, emphasized the importance of these connectors in simplifying the mating process and ensuring reliable connectivity across various industries.

KYOCERA AVX has a long-standing reputation for producing battery connectors, with its 9155 family offering a wide selection of standard battery connectors for diverse applications. The family’s features include gold-plated BeCu contacts known for their reliability in harsh environments and customizable options to suit specific application needs.

With the expansion of the 9155-800 Series, KYOCERA AVX continues to address evolving market demands for efficient and reliable connectivity solutions in electronic devices.

The post KYOCERA AVX Expands 9155-800 Series Battery Connectors to Meet Growing Demand appeared first on ELE Times.

I looked it up, and apparently gules means "red, as a heraldic tincture". Apparently it has something to do with a coat of arms? submitted by /u/Successful_Panic_850 [link] [comments]

Dr. Mills was one of the pioneering developers of the ARPANET, the predecessor of the internet. But his greatest legacy was the development of Network Time Protocol.

Hello, im 25 years old and i startes to restore tube radios i do sell them but only to people that i know take care about them like its her or his child i do a lot of work on them to restore them those saba radios are really hard to restore because of the automatic so it takes some time and i don,t see a lot of young people restoring or collecting them i guess a bluetooth speaker is for most people the way to go 😮‍💨 its really something special to listen to them its beautiful so warm, i love to fall asleep and listen to music just in case someine buy,s a tube radio never plug it in before it isn,t restored or you will destroy the radio it has to be restored first and those paper capacitors have to be changed and everything clean,d and checking the tubes. submitted by /u/xxBunnySquirtxx [link] [comments]

submitted by /u/trophosphere [link] [comments]

The JEDEC Solid State Technology Association (which develops standards for the microelectronics industry) has published ‘JEP198: Guideline for Reverse Bias Reliability Evaluation Procedures for Gallium Nitride Power Conversion Devices’. Developed by the JC-70.1 Gallium Nitride Subcommittee of JEDEC’s JC-70 Wide Bandgap Power Conversion Semiconductor Committee (which was formed in October 2017 with 23 member companies, rising to over 80 now), JEP198 is available for free download from the JEDEC website...

Радіотехніка — це не лише про радіо medialab вт, 01/30/2024 - 20:58

The company has now released the second generation of the "world’s first energy-harvesting Bluetooth switch module."

Luminus Devices Inc of Sunnyvale, CA, USA – which designs and makes LEDs and solid-state technology (SST) light sources for illumination markets – has expanded its product portfolio with the introduction of green and blue lasers catering to a wide range of applications including entertainment lighting, laser projection display, leveling and measurement, and biometric monitoring...

In high-voltage power-supply designs, safety concerns require isolating the high-voltage input from the low-voltage output. Designers typically use magnetic isolation in a transformer for power transfer, while an optocoupler provides optical isolation for signal feedback.

One of the main drawbacks of optocouplers in isolated power supplies is their reliability. The use of an LED in traditional optocouplers to transmit signals across the isolation barrier leads to wide part-to-part variation in the current transfer ratio over temperature, forward current, and operating time. Optocouplers are also lacking in terms of isolation performance, since they often use weak insulation materials such as epoxies or sometimes just an air gap.

A purely silicon-based device that emulates the behavior of an optocoupler such as the Texas Instruments (TI) ISOM8110 remedies these issues since it removes the LED component, uses a resilient isolation material such as silicon dioxide, and is certified and tested under a much more stringent standard [International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 60747-17] compared to the IEC 60747-5-5 optocoupler standard (see this application note for more details).

An optocoupler’s lack of reliability over time and temperature has meant that many sectors, such as automotive and space, have had to rely on primary-side regulation or other means to regulate the output. An opto-emulator contributes to improved reliability and also provides substantial improvements in transient and loop response without increasing the output filter.

Typically, the limiting factor in the bandwidth of an isolated power supply is the bandwidth of the optocoupler. This bandwidth is limited by the optocoupler pole, formed from its intrinsic parasitic capacitance and the output bias resistor. Using an opto-emulator eliminates this pole, which leads to higher bandwidth for the entire system without any changes to the output filter. Figure 1 and Figure 2 show the frequency response of an isolated flyback design tested with an optocoupler and opto-emulator, respectively.

Figure 1 Total bandwidth of an isolated power supply using the TCMT1107 optocoupler. Source: Texas Instruments

Figure 2 Total bandwidth of an isolated power supply using the ISOM8110 opto-emulator. Source: Texas Instruments

The target for both designs was to increase the overall bandwidth while still maintaining 60 degrees of phase margin and 10dB of gain margin. Table 1 lists the side-by-side results.

	Optocoupler	Opto-emulator
Bandwidth (kHz)	8.6	38.2
Phase margin (degrees)	60.2	67.4
Gain margin (dB)	18.7	11.62

Table 1 Optocoupler versus opto-emulator frequency response results.

The increased bandwidth of the opto-emulator helps achieve nearly a quadruple increase in the overall bandwidth of the design while maintaining phase and gain margins. Figure 3 highlights the changes made to the compensation network of the opto-emulator board versus the optocoupler board. As you can see, these changes are minimal and only require changing a total of three passive components. Another benefit of the opto-emulator is that it is pin-for-pin compatible with most optocouplers, so it doesn’t require a new layout for existing designs.

Figure 3 Schematic changes made to the compensation network of the opto-emulator board versus the optocoupler board. Source: Texas Instruments

Only the compensation components around the TL431 shunt voltage regulator were modified from one design to the other. Other than C19, C22 and R20, the rest of the design was identical, including the power-stage components, which include the output capacitance.

Because of the quadruple increase in the bandwidth, we were able to improve transient response significantly as well, without adding any more capacitance to the output. Figure 4 and Figure 5 show the transient response of the optocoupler and opto-emulator designs, respectively.

Figure 4 The transient response for the optocoupler design. Source: Texas Instruments

Figure 5 The transient response for the opto-emulator design showing a greater than 50% reduction in overall transient response. Source: Texas Instruments

The load step and the slew rate were the same in both tests. The load-step response went from –1.04 V in the optocoupler to –360 mV in the opto-emulator, and the load-dump response decreased from 840 mV to 260 mV. This is a > 50% reduction in the overall transient response, without adding more output capacitors.

Opto-emulator benefits

Because of the significant bandwidth improvement that an opto-emulator provides over an optocoupler, designers can reduce the size of their output capacitor without sacrificing transient performance in isolated designs that are cost- and size-sensitive.

An opto-emulator also provides more reliability than an optocoupler by enabling secondary-side regulation in applications that could not use optocouplers before, such as automotive and space. With the increase in bandwidth, an opto-emulator can provide higher bandwidth for the overall loop of the power supply, leading to significantly better transient response without increasing the output capacitance. For existing designs, an opto-emulator’s pin-for-pin compatibility with most optocouplers allows for drop-in replacements, with only minor tweaks to the compensation network.

Sarmad Abedin has been a systems engineer at Texas Instruments since 2011. He works for the Power Design Services team in Dallas, TX. He has been designing custom power supplies for over 10 years specializing in low power AC/DC applications. He graduated from RIT in 2010 with a BS in Electrical Engineering.

 

Matt Smith works as a systems engineer for the Texas Instruments Isolation Products team, where he defines products and product roadmaps for devices like opto-emulators and other signal isolators. Matt attended Texas A&M University where he received his bachelor’s degree in computer & electrical engineering.

 

 

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The post Power Tips #125: How an opto-emulator improves reliability and transient response for isolated DC/DC converters appeared first on EDN.

Independent power electronics company Quantum Power Transformation (QPT) of Cambridge, UK (which was founded in 2019) says that a second co-founder of GaN Systems Inc of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (a fabless developer of gallium nitride-based power switching semiconductors for power conversion and control applications), Girvan Patterson, has joined his fellow co-founder Geoff Haynes, former VP of business development at GaN Systems, as an advisor to QPT. Patterson was CEO at GaN Systems (now part of Infineon) for over eight years and has been the founder of three major start-ups and led seven IPOs and M&A transactions...