ELE Times

The popular industry event, Demystifying EMC, is scheduled for February 6, 2024. Hosted by Rohde & Schwarz, this one-day virtual conference kicks off a program of EMC industry expert sessions from Rohde & Schwarz and partners from the commercial and academic worlds. Participants will obtain essential updates on EMC standards and gain insights and practical tips from the live broadcast conference.

Rohde & Schwarz will host its annual Demystifying EMC (DEMC2024) industry event on February 6, 2024. The one-day virtual conference will feature technical presentations, workshops, and live Q&A discussions hosted by EMC experts from Rohde & Schwarz and industry partners. The program will cover the latest updates in CISPR, RED, ANSI, ISO, MIL, and Medical EMC standards, as well as approaches to testing, design, risk management, and compliance.

The morning session comprises five 30-minute presentations following the opening keynote by Christina Gessner, Executive Vice President of Rohde & Schwarz, and Michael Fischlein, Vice President of Spectrum & Network Analyzers, EMC & Antenna Test at Rohde & Schwarz. The keynote sets the stage for test requirements and solutions. The subjects covered in the sessions include establishing and maintaining in-house test capabilities for EMC compliance, understanding calibration and calibration services, and qualifying equipment according to US FCC and EU RED regulations. Additionally, there is are sessions that describe testing small satellites for New Space missions and testing vehicles using the latest reverberation chamber methods.

The afternoon session will start with an update on the latest CISPR and ISO standards. Then, Prof. Dr Arturo Mediano from the University of Zaragoza will give a practical demonstration of conducted emissions testing. The afternoon will also cover EMC immunity testing challenges and the latest updates in medical and automotive testing. In the closing keynote, a panel of experts will discuss the outlook for EMC testing through the next decade and beyond. Live moderation will provide participants the opportunity to interact with EMC experts and ask questions.

Michael Fischlein, Vice President Spectrum & Network Analyzers, EMC & Antenna Test at Rohde & Schwarz, comments: “As established leaders in electromagnetic compatibility testing, we are excited to continue our popular seminar format Demystifying EMC in 2024, helping to bring clarity to EMC testing, for commercial, wireless, medical, automotive, aerospace, and IoT applications. That is why we share our deep EMC expertise, derived from over 50 years of experience, and team up with our partners whose contributions enhance the learning opportunities even more.”

Registration for the DEMC2024 virtual conference on February 6, 2024, is now open and free of charge. The DEMC event will be followed by a series of related in-person events at venues around the world. For more information and to register, please visit: www.rohde-schwarz.com/DEMC.

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Featuring a VCSEL and Smart Dual I²C Slave Address, Device Is Ideal for Battery-Powered Consumer Applications, Including TWS Earphones and VR / AR Headsets

The Optoelectronics group of Vishay Intertechnology has introduced a new fully integrated proximity sensor designed to increase efficiency and performance in consumer applications. Featuring a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), the Vishay Semiconductors VCNL36828P combines a photodiode, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), 16-bit ADC, and smart dual I²C slave address in a compact 2.0 mm by 1.0 mm by 0.5 mm surface-mount package.

Compared to previous-generation solutions, the proximity sensor released today offers a 20 % smaller package, 20 % lower idle current of 5 μA, and 40 % higher sunlight cancellation up to 140 klx. With a range of 200 mm and a typical rated supply voltage of 1.8 V, the device is designed to deliver superior proximity detection while reducing power consumption to increase efficiency in space-constrained, battery-powered applications.

The proximity sensor will be used in smartphones and smart watches for automatic screen wake-up and turn-off functions, in addition to detecting if users are wearing or not wearing true wireless stereo (TWS) earphones, virtual reality / augmented reality (VR / AR) headsets, and smart glasses. To lower costs in these applications, the VCNL36828P’s smart dual I²C slave address allows for the connection of two proximity sensors without the need for a multiplexer.

The device offers a programmable interrupt function that allows designers to specify high and low thresholds to reduce continuous communication with the microcontroller. The VCNL36828P uses intelligent cancellation to reduce cross-talk, while a smart persistence scheme ensures accurate sensing and a faster response time. The VCSEL wavelength peaks at 940 nm and has no visible “red-tail.” The sensor is RoHS-compliant, halogen-free, and Vishay Green.

Device Specification Table:

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CleverTap, the all-in-one engagement platform today announced the top 2024 MarTech Trends which will transform the way brands deliver customer experiences.

The convergence of data privacy regulations, advancements in AI and increasing demand for personalized content will redefine the MarTech landscape. Among other areas, here’s where CleverTap anticipates seeing the most activity in 2024:

1. AI: the new-age consultants 

As customer engagement evolves, Generative AI will go beyond mere suggestions to definitive prescriptions. It will guide brands toward optimal courses of action, transforming customer engagement into not only a personalized but strategically optimized experience. In 2024, this development will manifest in two key areas: content prescription and customer engagement strategies. In content prescription, it will allow brands to analyze data, predict resonant content for specific customer cohorts, and generate new content. Prescriptive customer engagement strategies will enable proactive customer journey orchestration, granular user segmentation for hyper-personalization, and predictive analytics that anticipate needs and forecast long-term revenue impact.

2. From Return On Investment (ROI) to Return on Experiences (ROX)

While ROI has historically been the way to evaluate campaigns: “money in vs money out”, 2024 will see brands take a more holistic view that extends beyond immediate returns — return on experience (ROX). The approach will continually evaluate the long-term impact on customer experiences. It will be a more nuanced and precise metric for gauging customer success, helping marketers look at customer journeys historically and go beyond click-throughs and conversions. Instead, it will consider nuanced metrics such as brand perception, satisfaction, loyalty, and advocacy. The full spectrum of interactions and emotions is responsible for driving user engagement.

3. The gambit of omnichannel will expand 

Advancements in generative AI are coming thick and fast. And the chatbots spawned in 2023 will soon transition from being mere large language models to large action models. This means they will not just be able to respond with text, but also act upon commands, giving rise to an era of Generative AI assistants. The Rabbit R1 is already giving the world a pique into this by letting go of traditional apps in exchange for AI. The device’s software is powered by a large action model, or an algorithm that can learn from how users use apps so that it can replicate and automate those processes. In 2024, marketers will contend with the challenge of integrating these AI assistants into their omnichannel engagement strategies.

4. Zero-party data: consensual and accurate

The petabytes of data and insights brands have on their customers comes with a crucial responsibility i.e. ethically navigating this repository of information to deliver the best results while not compromising trust. Customers are increasingly wary of their data, how it’s being used and whether it’s being protected. 2024 will see the end of third-party cookies, the most popular targeting and tracking technique. As brands transition away, they will not only need to align with regulatory changes but also foster a transparent and trustworthy relationship with their audience. In this new era, the focus on ethical data practices will become a cornerstone of effective and responsible marketing strategies.

Jacob Joseph, VP – Data Science, CleverTap said, “2023 was the year of generative AI, whose profound impact on society had us both excited and cautious about what the future holds. While advancements in the field will make it a sustained talk-point in 2024, other developments will reach a tipping point too. By getting ahead of this curve, we at CleverTap, can not only adapt to these shifts but also innovate and leverage any advancements for the benefit of our customers. This approach ensures that our customers receive unparalleled value and stay at the forefront of the rapidly evolving tech landscape.”

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TTape revolutionizes the EV industry by delivering a unique capability to detect overtemperature at every Li-ion cell, offering superior safety and battery life enhancement.

Littelfuse, Inc., an industrial technology manufacturing company empowering a sustainable, connected, and safer world, is excited to introduce TTape, a groundbreaking overtemperature detection platform designed to transform the management of Li-ion battery systems. With its innovative features and unparalleled benefits, TTape helps vehicle systems manage premature cell ageing effectively while reducing the risks associated with thermal runaway incidents.

TTape is ideally suited for a wide range of applications, including automotive EV/HEVs, commercial vehicles, and Energy Storage Systems (ESS). Its distributed temperature monitoring capabilities enable superior detection of localized cell overheating, thereby improving battery life and enhancing the safety of battery installations.

TTape’s key benefits and differentiators include:

• Premature Cell Aging Management: TTape aids vehicle systems in managing premature cell aging, significantly reducing the risks associated with thermal runaway.
• Extended Battery Pack Life: TTape ensures that the battery pack remains serviceable for an extended period by initiating temperature management at an earlier stage.
• Efficient Multi-cell Monitoring: With a single TTape device, multiple cells can be monitored, thus alerting the BMS sooner in case of overtemperature scenarios.
• Ultra-fast Response: With a response time of less than one second, TTape guarantees quicker alerts, signaling the potential onset of thermal runaway conditions.
• Seamless Integration: Calibration isn’t necessary. TTape can easily integrate with existing BMS, making it a go-to solution for many battery applications.

Moreover, the extremely thin design of TTape makes it ideal for conformal installations. With a single MCU input, its distributed temperature monitoring capability drastically improves the detection of localized cell overheating. This approach enables efficient cooling measures to prolong battery life and significantly heightens the safety standards of battery installations.

“Distinguishing itself from NTCs, TTape is a stellar addition to the Littelfuse product family. The profound advantage of localized cell overheating detection ensures quicker alerts to the BMS compared to traditional NTC setups,” explained Tong Kiang Poo, Global Product Manager at Littelfuse. “The TTape Platform is a distributed temperature monitoring device for battery packs that helps to improve the detection of localized cell overheating. With no calibration or temperature lookup tables required, and only one MCU input needed, it integrates seamlessly with current BMS solutions alongside NTCs, delivering an enhanced detection of cell overheating.”

This groundbreaking product builds upon the Littelfuse legacy of innovation. It leverages the company’s rich research, design, and development expertise in PPTCs, bringing forth a temperature monitoring solution that the industry eagerly awaits.

TTape promises to be a game-changer for the Li-ion battery pack market, emphasizing safety and efficiency. As the industry moves rapidly towards more sustainable and safe energy solutions, Littelfuse products like TTape are a testament to the company’s commitment to innovation and excellence.

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The interim budget for the fiscal year 2024-25 is scheduled for February 1, 2024, as will be presented by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman. The full and final budget is expected to be tabled in July, post-2024 Lok Sabha Elections. Between January 31 to February 9, a brief Budget session, the last of the 17th Lok Sabha will be held.

While many of us are expecting some indispensable leaps in several areas including technology, innovation, manufacturing, and R&D, FM Sitharaman while speaking at an event by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) ruled out the possibility of any “spectacular” announcements. This cements the fact that fiscal discipline will take precedence over populist spending, thus following the premise of a conventional interim budget model.

It will be interesting to see the stance that this budget will adopt, especially in expediting growth in the Power and Energy sector with lead incentivization for green hydrogen. The oil and gas sector has expectations of steady reforms for City Gas Distribution players, while the power sector is keen on noticing some bold initiatives to encourage the adoption of renewable energy. As per EY’s 2024 Budget expectations report, the government may extend the concessional 15 per cent income tax rate for corporations, for them to set up manufacturing units by one year till March 31, 2025, to attract foreign investments. Experts also predict that the government could unveil an expanded third phase of the incentive scheme for electric vehicles and that the budget will cater to further strengthening of the startup ecosystem in the country.

Overall, India is expected to maintain the growth momentum into FY25, and the upcoming union budget can indeed be a solid step towards realizing the country’s ambition of becoming the third-largest economy.

Let us take a look at what some of the industry experts’ expectations are from this year’s interim budget, as shared with ELE Times.

Industry Speaks

Saurabh Marda, Managing Director and Co-Founder at Freyr Energy –

“The rooftop solar sector in India is rapidly expanding, with an impressive CAGR of 15%. To further accelerate adoption of solar, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has decided to increase the Central Financial Assistance (CFA) by 23%.  One major challenge that many customers face, however, is the high upfront investment. To promote wider adoption of solar energy, we hope that the 2024 union budget will encourage banks to offer affordable financing options for solar solutions. By providing low-interest loans, these financial institutions can significantly contribute to India’s progress towards sustainable energy”.  

Prem Kumar Vislawath, CEO and Founder at Marut Drones –

“The Central government has been on the right path in paving the way for large scale embrace of drones in India with its decision to provide 15,000 agricultural drones free of cost to rural women under the Drone Didi initiative.  The aviation sector is bound to see incredible changes in the coming years. In budget 2024, we are hoping to see ease of regulations for start-ups as well as consumers, along with easy financing for drones for commercial purposes. A 100 percent subsidy to farmers on drone training certification program through Skill India would support the drone ecosystem of the country. GST waiver on drone, allied products, software, training, and license could be an excellent step towards that future. We are hoping to see ease of regulations for start-ups as well as consumers. For instance, PLI scheme extension for component and manufacturers would be a great incentive for start-ups. Easy financing for drones for commercial purposes can go a long way in making them affordable to all sections of the society. Fine tuning policies and quicker clearances will help the drone industry achieve its true potential of making India a drone hub by 2030”.

Kumar Gaurav, Co-Founder of Cashaa-

“As we eagerly anticipate the Union Budget of 2024, Cashaa is hopeful for transformative measures that will shape the future of the Indian crypto sector. Our primary expectation is a reduction in the flat tax rate from 30%, aligning crypto gains with other asset classes like debt and equity. We also advocate for a significant drop in the high TDS rate from 1% to approximately 0.01%, aiming to rekindle trading volumes crucial for a vibrant market. A decisive and supportive regulatory framework is pivotal, as it will not only encourage innovation but also attract vital investments to fuel the growth of the crypto sector in India. While our optimism runs high, we remain mindful of the interim nature of this budget, preceding the 2024 general elections”.

Pankaj Jha, Country Head & Director of Sales at MAXHUB India-  

“As the country continues to evolve, it is imperative for the government to channel its efforts towards the digitalization of education, aligning with the visionary National Education Policy 2020. In addition, expanding the scope of smart city projects to include more cities will undoubtedly contribute to our nation’s growth. I strongly advocate for the simplification of custom duties and incentives for ‘Make in India’ initiatives, with a special focus on facilitating contract manufacturing. Furthermore, providing tax exemptions on smart classrooms for private education players is an essential step in fostering innovation and accessibility. These measures collectively pave the way for a technologically advanced and educationally empowered India”.

Mr. Rajesh Gupta, Founder & Director at Recyclekaro-

“The upcoming budget holds a pivotal role in steering India towards a sustainable future by fostering the growth of battery recycling. The circular economy’s cornerstone, battery recycling, addresses mineral scarcity and reinforces our supply chains, paving the way for self-sufficiency in battery materials. While regulations like the Electronics Waste Management Rule and Batteries Management Rule have strengthened the recycling industry, persistent challenges call for solutions. To further empower this sector, streamlined recycling policies and incentives for pioneering waste management solutions are imperative.

The rapidly growing adoption of electric vehicles is a catalyst for the EV battery recycling industry. Initiatives such as FAME, PLI, and other incentives should be amplified to fuel this momentum. A tailored PLI scheme dedicated to lithium-ion battery recycling will be a game-changer, amplifying the sector’s growth while advancing India’s sustainability goals. As we approach the budget, investing in these strategic measures will not only invigorate the recycling industry but also cement India’s position as a global leader in sustainable practices.”

Dr Venkat Mattela, Founder & CEO at Ceremorphic-

“The semiconductor industry’s tenacity and dedication to innovation, indicate bright development possibilities in the rapidly changing technological world as the 2024 budget draws near. And it’s absolutely critical to give priority to a few joint government-organization projects in order to promote innovation throughout India’s semiconductor industry.

With green energy and sustainability taking centre stage in worldwide efforts to cut carbon emissions, policies like the National Green Hydrogen Mission will help move the economy towards low carbon intensity and lessen dependency on imported fossil fuels for ecosystem-wide sustainable growth. Furthermore, the renewable energy industry has enormous potential for cooperation with semiconductor fabrication plants by offering assistance in establishing ESG norms for the manufacturing sector by including sustainable waste management practices and recycling water techniques, among other things. Speaking of core teach, we can anticipate a heightened emphasis on AI integration with research and development in various sectors, particularly in high-tech manufacturing like semiconductors, to ensure sustained progress.

At the grassroots level, such as in high schools and colleges across the nation, the government must also continue to support skill development initiatives like the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana 4.0 and Skill India Digital platform, with appropriate curricula to prepare the workforce for Industry 4.0 and beyond. And last but not the least, formation of industry think-tanks, in collaboration with the government, and support for semiconductor design startups will help provide a comprehensive outlook for promoting innovation in the space of AI, hence bolstering the semiconductor sector”.

Vivek Tyagi, Managing Director at Analog Devices Inc. India-

“As we approach the Union Budget 2024, we at Analog Devices Inc are hopeful for a forward-looking fiscal roadmap that steers the nation towards technological prowess and sustainable growth. We believe the upcoming budget will play a crucial role in shaping India’s economic development, particularly in emerging sectors like semiconductor, e-mobility, green hydrogen, and renewable energy. Recent commitments observed at the Vibrant Gujarat Global Summit 2024 underscore the industry’s collective dedication to Indian Government’s vision of a ‘Developed India @2047.’

In this dynamic landscape, we encourage policies that bolster indigenous semiconductor manufacturing ecosystem. The announcements by global players to invest in Gujarat highlight the sector’s potential and the need for a conducive policy environment. We believe that the budget should be a catalyst for nurturing innovation, research, and skill development, particularly in frontier technologies like artificial intelligence, 5G/6G networks and renewable energy.

As the world embraces the integration of 5G technologies, AI-enabled solutions and sustainable practices, we look to the budget to provide a strategic framework that not only navigates current challenges but also sets the stage for India’s emergence as a global technology and innovation hub. In essence, the forthcoming budget represents a pivotal opportunity for India to fortify its position on the global stage, and Analog Devices Inc remains committed to contributing to this transformative journey.”

Sandeep Trehan, President, Marketing & Business Development at THINK Gas-

“We hope that the budget’s potential initiatives for city gas distribution (CGD) players holds promise for accelerating the adoption of natural gas across the country. We expect the central government to coordinate with the state governments and bring about policy initiatives such as reduction in VAT or bringing natural gas under the GST ambit. We also expect the government to make usage of natural gas mandatory for areas where the infrastructure is ready and gas is flowing. All this will help achieve the government’s target of India becoming a gas-based economy and the share improving to 15% by 2030.”

Hyder Khan, CEO of Godawari Electric Motors-

“I eagerly anticipate the upcoming budget with optimism and a fervent hope for increased support towards the electric mobility sector. The extension and enhancement of the FAME (Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles) scheme would be instrumental in propelling India towards a sustainable and eco-friendly future. Substantial subsidies for electric vehicles and related infrastructure would not only incentivize consumers but also bolster the growth of our industry.

These measures will not only promote cleaner transportation but also stimulate innovation and job creation. I look forward to a budget that recognizes the pivotal role electric mobility plays in achieving environmental goals and economic development, and I trust that the government will continue to foster a conducive ecosystem for the electric vehicle industry to thrive.”

Raman Bhatia, Founder & Managing Director, Servotech Power Systems Ltd-

Shubham Vishvakarma, Co-Founder and Chief of Process Engineering at Metastable Materials

“As we anticipate the 2024 budget announcement, we hope for a forward-looking budget that reflects India’s commitment to sustainability and technology advancement. A large volume of India’s end-of-life Lithium-ion batteries is exported globally for recycling or just processed as an intermediate black mass and then exported. Hence, massive R&D investments are required, particularly to create strong competencies and lab testing facilities for the proper end-of-life Lithium-ion battery recycling. This not only contributes to responsible environmentalism but also nurtures a talented pool of individuals.

Another area, where we are hopeful for is the Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) and it’s extension to battery recycling. This would also be a strategic approach as by expanding the range of the scheme beyond just the Advanced Chemistry Cell manufacturing, we open up the opportunity to capture the entire value chain. This extension will incentivize the setting up of homegrown recycling firms instead of shipping away the dead batteries.

We also recommend that the recycling of Lithium-ion batteries be incorporated into the Carbon Credit Trading Scheme. This inclusion, in particular for negative-value battery chemistries feasibility will provide substantial support to India’s position in the carbon credit markets and also demonstrates our continued dedication to sustainable solutions.”

Manideep Katepalli, Co-Founder at BikeWo –

“Despite last year’s commendable 33% surge in EV registrations, our industry encounters persistent challenges. Chief among these hurdles is the imperative need for robust charging infrastructure, pivotal in inspiring confidence among potential buyers and propelling the widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) as a sustainable mode of transportation.

Another barrier remains the relatively higher initial cost of EVs, often deterring consumers. However, the promise of life tax subsidies for electric vehicles and the availability of accessible EV financing options hold immense potential to mitigate this challenge.
The integration of EV infrastructure into Priority Sector Lending (PSL) is poised to bolster credit flow into the sector by mandating financial institutions to provide support, thus promising a significant boon. A supportive regulatory framework coupled with financial incentives aimed at fostering research and development within the EV sector stands as an indispensable pillar. These measures not only drive innovation but also attract investments, creating an environment conducive to widespread EV adoption. Ultimately, these strategic initiatives play a pivotal role in establishing an enduringly sustainable and eco-friendly transportation ecosystem”.

Akash Gupta, Co-Founder and CEO, Zypp Electric-

“Prioritizing the electric vehicle (EV) sector is crucial for a sustainable future. First, inclusion in the priority lending scheme will fuel growth by facilitating easier access to capital. To accelerate the adoption of EV-led delivery services, a reduction in GST for EV services from 18% to 5% is imperative. While EV purchases enjoy a 5% GST rate compared to 28% for internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, a similar distinction must extend to services. Furthermore, introducing usage-based incentives for EV drivers, in addition to existing FAME buyer incentives, will be a game-changer. Rewarding users based on carbon savings and kilometres driven creates a tangible incentive for sustainable choices.

Addressing the last-mile delivery gap is equally critical. Recognizing last-mile delivery as a distinct sector under logistics policies is essential, given that one-third of shipments fall within this category. Establishing industry standards, supporting gig delivery partners with tailored schemes, and implementing standard operating procedures (SOPs) will enhance efficiency and foster growth in this vital but often overlooked segment of the logistics industry”.

Dinesh Arjun, CEO & Co-Founder at Raptee-

“As the electric vehicle (EV) industry gears up for substantial growth in the coming years, it is imperative for the government to foster a supportive ecosystem. To stimulate investment opportunities, there should be encouragement for potential investors, coupled with essential reductions in GST rates for electric vehicles and charging stations. Additionally, easing the burden on the industry can be achieved through a decrease in import duties on electronic components. The industry is particularly hopeful for a significant GST reduction, aiming to bring it down from 18% to 5% specifically for lithium-ion battery packs and cells, given their pivotal role in the EV sector. A concerted effort in the budget towards enhancing the ease of doing business and facilitating the entry of local players into the market is crucial. Addressing aspects like component localization and ensuring easy access to necessary components will empower Indian companies, both large and small, to develop competitive products at competitive prices, further solidifying the sector’s growth potential”.

Ritesh Kumar, Founder at Cyfirma-

“We would like to see the upcoming budget carry a strong focus on helping businesses overcome the threats of cyberattacks and other digital risks. Indian businesses are adopting digital solutions at an accelerated pace yet their cybersecurity maturity remains low. A budget that supports SMEs and start-ups growth while ensuring their cybersecurity needs are taken care of is much needed in the current AI and digital age. The government’s approach needs to move beyond building compliance frameworks to providing tangible subsidies for cybersecurity protection solutions”.

Yogesh Mudras, Managing Director, Informa Markets in India

“The Budget 2024-25 becomes pivotal in steering the nation towards a greener future. With a commitment to boost green energy to 500 GW by 2030, we anticipate sustained attention on the increased allocations for bio-energy, solar, and wind, alongside higher capital expenditure in green hydrogen and battery storage infrastructure.

Recognizing the critical role of energy storage for grid stability, we applaud the proposed policy incentives for Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS). The recent approval of a scheme targeting 4,000 MWh of BESS projects by 2030-31, with financial support of up to 40% (Rs. 3,760 crore), marks a significant stride toward a resilient energy landscape.

As India targets 170 GW Renewable Energy capacity by March 2025, the Budget is anticipated to extend existing schemes, including the Production Linked Incentive and viability gap funding. Advocating for policies that stimulate green hydrogen demand, reduce GST on crucial components, and increase funding for R&D to create a stable environment for sustainable development. Informa Markets by organizing The Battery Show and REI Expo, continues to provide a crucial platform for industry leaders to collaborate and contribute to the nation’s sustainable energy journey.”

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New Configurable Logic Block (CLB) module offers tailored hardware solutions and helps eliminate the need for external logic components

To address the expanding need for increasing levels of customization in embedded applications, Microchip Technology is offering a tailored hardware solution with the launch of its PIC16F13145 family of microcontrollers (MCUs). Outfitted with a new Core Independent Peripheral (CIP)—the Configurable Logic Block (CLB) module—the MCUs enable the creation of hardware-based, custom combinational logic functions directly within the MCU. Because of its integration into the MCU, th allows designers to optimize the speed and response time of embedded control systems, eliminating the need for external logic components and reducing Bill of Materials (BOM) cost and power consumption. The process is further simplified by a graphical interface tool, which helps synthesize custom logic designs using the CLB. The PIC16F13145 family is designed for applications utilizing custom protocols, task sequencing or I/O control to manage real-time control systems in the industrial and automotive sectors.

“The Configurable Logic Cell (CLC) Module has been integrated into Microchip MCUs for more than a decade and the new CLB module is the next step in the evolution of our customizable logic offering, enabling this family of MCUs to be utilized in applications that are typically the domain of standalone programmable logic devices,” said Greg Robinson, vice president of Microchip’s 8-bit microcontroller business unit. “Few single-chip solutions in today’s market address embedded engineers’ design challenges like the PIC16F131 MCU family. The new MCUs handle custom logic functions, minimize power consumption, simplify designs and can accommodate changing design requirements.”

Since the CLB’s operation is not dependent on the CPU clock speed, it improves the system’s latency and provides a low-power solution. The CLB can be used to make logical decisions while the CPU is in sleep mode, further reducing power consumption and software reliance. The PIC16F13145 MCUs also include a fast 10-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) with built-in computation, an 8-bit Digital-to-Analog (DAC) converter, fast comparators, 8- and 16-bit timers and serial communication modules (I2C and SPI) to allow many system-level tasks to be performed without the CPU. The family will be available in various packages from 8 pins up to 20 pins.

The PIC16F13145 family of MCUs is supported by the MPLAB® Code Configurator (MCC), a free software plug-in within MPLAB X IDE which provides an easy GUI-based interface to configure the device and on-board peripherals, including the CLB. This interface reduces development time as the desired custom logic can be designed schematically with options for an advanced user to utilize Hardware Description Language (HDL). The new synthesizer is available in two options: integrated into MCC and online at logic.microchip.com. The PIC16F131 Curiosity Nano Evaluation Kit offers complete support for designing with the PIC16F131 family and these features coordinate for a seamless embedded development experience and reduced time to market.

PIC16F131 MCUs are available starting at $0.47 each in 10,000-unit quantities. For additional information and to purchase, contact a Microchip sales representative, authorized worldwide distributor or visit Microchip’s Purchasing and Client Services website, www.microchipdirect.com.

High-res images available through Flickr or editorial contact (feel free to publish):

• Application image: https://www.flickr.com/photos/microchiptechnology/53451201638/sizes/l/
• Block diagram: https://www.flickr.com/photos/microchiptechnology/53450157287/sizes/o/
• Tool photo: https://www.flickr.com/photos/microchiptechnology/53451411614/sizes/l/

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In the ever-evolving landscape of automotive technology, the latest research from Counterpoint’s Global Connected Car Sales Tracker unveils a significant surge in global connected car sales during Q3 2023. With the rise of electric vehicles and autonomous driving, connectivity penetration within vehicles is on the rise.

According to the report, global connected car sales experienced a remarkable 28% year-over-year growth in Q3 2023. Notably, two out of every three cars sold during this period were equipped with embedded connectivity features. Leading the charge, China claimed a substantial 33% share in global connected car sales, followed closely by the United States and Europe. Together, these top three regions accounted for over 75% of global connected car sales in Q3.

Senior Analyst Soumen Mandal shed light on the market dynamics, highlighting Germany’s leading share of connected cars in its passenger car sales, attributed to governmental initiatives like eCall mandates. Following Germany, the United States, France, and the United Kingdom emerged as key players with significant shares of connected cars in their respective markets.

Despite the dominance of 4G connectivity, accounting for over 95% of sales, the adoption of 5G technology is slower than previously projected. Mandal identified reasons such as inadequate 5G infrastructure along highways, limited unique use cases within vehicles, and supply chain challenges hindering the faster adoption of 5G in passenger cars.

Looking ahead, Vice President of Research Neil Shah predicts a continued rise in connectivity preference, even in developing economies, where it is becoming a pivotal market differentiator. Shah forecasts that by 2030, more than 95% of all new passenger cars will feature embedded connectivity, with 4G remaining dominant while 5G gradually gains traction, particularly with the introduction of more advanced autonomous driving systems.

Neil Shah anticipates an inflexion point around 2026 for widespread adoption of 5G in automotive applications, projecting that by 2030, over 90% of connected cars sold will boast embedded 5G connectivity, marking a transformative shift in the automotive industry’s technological landscape.

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In today’s fast-paced world, navigating from point A to point B has become remarkably simple, thanks to GPS devices. These nifty gadgets have revolutionized the way we travel, offering accuracy, convenience, and a plethora of applications. Let’s delve into what GPS devices are, how they work, their applications, and what the future holds for these indispensable tools.

What is a GPS Device?

GPS, or Global Positioning System, is a network of satellites orbiting the Earth, continuously transmitting signals to ground receivers. A GPS device, often found in smartphones, car navigation systems, smartwatches, and standalone units, utilizes these signals to determine its precise location anywhere on the planet.

How Does a GPS Device Work?

At its core, a GPS device relies on a process called trilateration. This involves calculating the distance between the device and multiple satellites in orbit. The device can pinpoint its exact latitude, longitude, and altitude by receiving at least four satellites simultaneously. This information is then overlaid onto digital maps to provide real-time navigation guidance.

GPS Device Applications

The applications of GPS devices are diverse and far-reaching:

1. Navigation: Whether you’re driving through unfamiliar streets or hiking in the wilderness, GPS devices provide turn-by-turn directions to your destination, ensuring you reach your desired location with ease.
2. Fleet Management: GPS tracking systems are extensively used by businesses to monitor their vehicles’ whereabouts, optimize routes, and improve overall fleet efficiency.
3. Fitness and Health: Smartwatches and fitness trackers equipped with GPS capabilities enable users to track their outdoor activities, such as running, cycling, and hiking, by accurately measuring distance, speed, and elevation.
4. Emergency Response: GPS devices play a crucial role in emergencies, allowing authorities to locate individuals in distress accurately. This is particularly valuable in search and rescue operations and for ensuring swift medical assistance during emergencies.
5. Geocaching: GPS devices have popularized the recreational activity of geocaching, where participants use GPS coordinates to locate hidden containers, or “caches,” in various outdoor locations worldwide.

Future of GPS Devices

The future of GPS devices looks promising, with ongoing advancements aimed at enhancing accuracy, efficiency, and functionality:

1. Improved Accuracy: Future iterations of GPS technology are expected to offer even greater accuracy, with the potential for centimetre-level precision. This will open up new possibilities in agriculture, surveying, and autonomous vehicle navigation.
2. Integration with Emerging Technologies: GPS devices will likely be integrated with other emerging technologies, such as augmented reality (AR) and artificial intelligence (AI), to provide more immersive and personalized navigation experiences.
3. Expanded Applications: As GPS technology continues to evolve, we can anticipate an expansion of its applications beyond traditional navigation. This could include enhanced location-based services, personalized recommendations based on geographical data, and innovative solutions in urban planning and environmental conservation.
4. Miniaturization and Connectivity: GPS devices are expected to become increasingly compact and power-efficient, making them more accessible and ubiquitous across various devices and industries. Additionally, advancements in connectivity, such as 5G networks, will facilitate seamless communication between GPS devices and other IoT (Internet of Things) devices.

In conclusion, GPS devices have fundamentally transformed how we navigate and interact with the world around us. From providing accurate directions to enabling innovative applications across diverse sectors, these devices have become indispensable in our daily lives. With ongoing technological advancements, the future of GPS devices holds immense potential for further innovation and enhancement, promising to redefine our relationship with spatial awareness and navigation.

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Infineon Technologies AG announced its joint Innovation Application Center in Shenzhen with Anker Innovations, a global leader in charging technology. With the center already fully operating, it is paving the way for more energy-efficient and CO2-saving charging solutions that support decarbonization.

Driven by the growing consumer demand for faster charging solutions due to an increasing usage of mobile devices, laptops and other battery-powered devices, the idea of establishing an Anker-Infineon Innovation Application Center dated back to 2021. After two years of preparation, the joint lab now serves as R&D hub for industry experts to develop power-delivery (PD) fast charging solutions with higher power density, mainly based on Infineon’s next-generation Hybrid Flyback (HFB) controller product family and the CoolGaN IPS for fast chargers above 100W.

Anker has already brought several successful products to the market, such as the industry-leading 100W+ fast charger device powered by Infineon’s CoolGaN in 2022. With the Innovation Application Center Anker and Infineon will even shorten the application cycle and accelerate the time to market for future products.

“Anker is an important customer for Infineon,” said Christian Burrer, Vice President of Systems & Application Marketing of Power & Sensor Systems Division at Infineon Technologies. “We have already started a strong cooperation in the charging field, with product and system solutions covering several Infineon product lines. In the field of PD charging, we provide our customers a comprehensive product portfolio, including state-of-the-art power controllers, first-class switching power supplies, leading silicon MOSFET and GaN transistor performance, and more.”

Beyond charging solutions, the joint lab is focusing on a more diversified range of consumer applications, driven by Infineon’s expertise in wide-bandgap materials such as gallium nitride (GaN). The acquisition of GaN Systems in 2023 has significantly accelerated Infineon’s GaN roadmap and further strengthens its leadership in power systems through mastery of all relevant power semiconductor technologies.

“In 2023, Anker achieved success in many markets such as China and Europe. This would not have been possible without Infineon’s GaN technology solutions and the strong collaboration between our companies. We look forward to even intensifying our partnership with Infineon”, said by Kang Xiong, General Manager of the charging business unit at Anker Technologies.

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Always at the forefront of technological innovation, Rohde & Schwarz is shaping the future of the mobile industry with its comprehensive range of test and measurement solutions. The company will showcase at MWC Barcelona 2024 under the motto “Enabling Connections, Empowering Innovations” a wide-ranging portfolio that helps industry leaders, manufacturers and visionaries turn their ideas for new mobile products, applications and technologies into reality.

The mobile industry will once again gather in Barcelona for the Mobile World Congress from February 26 to 29, 2024. At the Fira Gran Via in hall 5, booth 5A80, Rohde & Schwarz will be showcasing a variety of innovations covering four areas that correspond to the event’s main themes: 5G and beyond focuses on a variety of solutions driving the evolution of 5G and the emergence of 6G; Connected everything features solutions for the seamless integration of connected ecosystems; Private networks covers performance and quality assurance for business and mission-critical communications; and Game changers allows visitors to take an early leap into tomorrow’s augmented reality applications.

A large part of the Rohde & Schwarz booth will be dedicated to solutions that enable the mobile ecosystem and empower next-generation connectivity. Visitors will experience the transition from 5G to 5G Advanced through several demonstration of the R&S CMX500 one-box 5G signaling tester (OBT) and other state-of-the-art radio communication testers covering the latest technology enhancements:

• Rohde & Schwarz is pushing the limits of seamless global coverage over land, sea and air with its test solutions for non-terrestrial networks. NTN-NR directly links smartphones and other 5G devices with satellite-based services. In a demo setup, the R&S CMX500 mobile radio tester will simulate a wide range of network conditions to ensure NTN-NR devices perform flawlessly anywhere in the world.
• Paving the way for the 5G NR FR3 frequency band, which will provide wider bandwidth to tomorrow’s mobile networks, the R&S CMX500 and R&S CMP200 radio communication testers are ready for R&D and production tests. At MWC, visitors will see signaling and non-signaling measurements, supporting the respective frequency range from 4 to 20 GHz.
• Another highlight at the show booth are FR1 RF and RRM measurements with the smallest footprint in the market. Rohde & Schwarz has enhanced the R&S CMX500 to provide 3GPP conformance tests for radio resource management and RF inband in a single box.
• The integration of untrusted non-3GPP networks such as public hotspots and home or corporate WLAN with the 5G core network is a crucial aspect of the 5G evolution. Therefore, Rohde & Schwarz has added Wi-Fi 7 capabilities to the R&S CMX500 multi-technology multi-channel signaling tester. 5G WLAN offloading capabilities are included, as well, with the test platform acting as an N3IWF gateway. With this, also Voice over Wi-Fi (VoWiFi) can be tested all in a single box. In addition, the R&S CMP180 radio communication tester will verify a WLAN waveform with 480 MHz bandwidth in loop-back mode, a potential waveform candidate discussed in regards to a not-yet defined Wi-Fi 8 (IEEE 802.11bn) standard, attesting that the instrument is future-proof for users in both, R&D and production.

Other demonstrations around 5G at the Rohde & Schwarz booth will address 5G Broadcast, where Rohde & Schwarz has been leading the industry and proving the technological maturity through real-world demonstrations and practical solutions worldwide. At MWC, the company will demonstrate how broadcasters, network operators and content providers can leverage 5G Broadcast for new business opportunities, building on the technology’s high quality of end-user experience and excellent spectrum efficiency.

When it comes to emerging O-RAN technologies for network infrastructure, Rohde & Schwarz offers a proven, automated test solution together with VIAVI Solutions that helps to improve network efficiency and achieve energy savings. Radio units of an Open RAN based network (O-RU) contribute greatly to the total power consumption. VIAVI’s TM500 O-RU Tester offers energy efficiency focused O-DU emulation test scripts. The O-RU activity versus power consumption is monitored using the R&S RTO oscilloscope. The R&S NGP power supply units power the O-RU and monitor voltage and current statistics over time. The central O-RU Test Manager application from VIAVI controls the full set-up.

To ensure optimum quality of service (QoS) and quality of experience (QoE) in public and private 5G mobile networks, Rohde & Schwarz will showcase its tailored solution portfolio. Mobile network testing experts will present a broad range of live product demos, test scenarios and an ETSI harmonized methodology for systematic network performance improvements. The solutions empower customers worldwide to verify and ensure optimum performance for human and machine end-users along the entire network lifecycle of public as well as business and mission critical mobile networks.

Looking beyond 5G and onward to 6G, Rohde & Schwarz will exhibit a number of concise test solutions in Barcelona to enable applied research for example in the Terahertz regime in the D-Band (110 to 170 GHz). Part of these demonstrations will be the new R&S SFI100A wideband IF vector signal generator. The compact, user-friendly instrument for demanding applications features a very wide RF modulation bandwidth of up to 10 GHz and generates fully calibrated IF signals. Also, in collaboration with NVIDIA, Rohde & Schwarz advanced its hardware-in-the-loop test bed for a neural receiver and added custom modulation capabilities. This innovative demonstration extends the idea of an AI-native air interface concept for 6G, which both companies already introduced during last year’s MWC event. It now encompasses both the receiver and the transmitter side, marking a significant leap in exploring AI’s potential in future wireless communications.

Rohde & Schwarz empowers a securely connected world across different facets of life, from devices like wearables or industrial equipment communicating with each other to connected cars to the most critical data transfers. Rohde & Schwarz brings its state-of-the-art radio communication testers to MWC showcasing applications which enable integrated internet of things (IoT) networks:

• While NTN-NR is still in the making, NTN NB-IoT technology is already bringing wireless connectivity to remote areas that do not have access to terrestrial networks for use cases like SOS messaging or remote monitoring. The R&S CMW500 covers testing needs from R&D to conformance and operator testing for NB-IoT NTN, not only supporting protocol, RRM and RF conformance testing in line with 3GPP, but also the Skylo test plan – all in a single box.
• 3GPP Rel.17 introduced 5G RedCap (reduced capability), enabling a new set of IoT devices. 5G RedCap modems are less complex, use less spectrum bandwidth, consume less power and work only in standalone (SA) mode. The R&S CMX500 OBT lite is prepared to address all testing aspects of such devices, including power consumption testing, a very important KPI for chipsets manufacturers and OEMs.

MWC visitors involved in the automotive industry will be able to explore solutions addressing automotive connectivity at the Rohde & Schwarz booth. The company’s T&M solutions enable advancements in the connected car, where new technologies will enhance the driving experience, safety and autonomous driving capabilities. One solution on display covers 5G NG eCall testing featuring the R&S CMX500 OBT 5G signaling tester along with the R&S SMBV100B GNSS satellite simulator. Another demo features the R&S CMP180 radio communication tester with the newly added 5G V2X testing in addition to existing LTE based C-V2X. Now all V2X technologies are supported (LTE, NR, 11p).

Accurate ranging, low power consumption, high security and reliability are features of ultra-wideband (UWB) technology that make it suitable for many automotive applications, especially as digital key. At MWC, Rohde & Schwarz will present the R&S CMP200 radio communication tester with integrated UWB test capabilities to solve UWB test challenges in mass production as well as in R&D.

The Rohde & Schwarz Networks and Cybersecurity division provides endpoint security, secure networks, and high-quality cryptography to ensure reliable data transfer and system integrity in the public sector, for critical infrastructure (KRITIS), retail, health and other areas. IT teams from these sectors rely on the Rohde & Schwarz solutions in planning, deploying, operating, and optimizing their network and cybersecurity challenges. Visitors at MWC can learn about modern and secure SD-WAN, network encryption, and secure smartphone communication.

5G private or campus networks provide high performance that can increase productivity and efficiency for new use cases across all industries, including manufacturing and warehousing, or critical infrastructure such as energy utilities, mining and ports. However, optimal performance and error-free operation are essential to realize the expected business benefits and ensure the reliability of critical infrastructure. This is achieved by passive and active testing of the network in all phases: spectrum clearance and interference hunting in preparation for rollout, performance tuning and acceptance, regular verification and service level monitoring for predictive maintenance and troubleshooting.

At MWC, Rohde & Schwarz will present its comprehensive mobile network testing portfolio covering all these phases, including a live demonstration of deterministic low-latency data communication in private 5G networks in cooperation with the Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT. Demonstrations will also include a mission-critical network (MCX) test solution that enables successful migration to broadband MCX services for mission-critical public safety communications. Tailored solutions for regulatory authorities to protect the electromagnetic spectrum through interference hunting and spectrum monitoring will also be demonstrated.

Last but not least, Rohde & Schwarz will bring game-changing technologies to MWC 2024. At the booth, visitors will experience an exciting showcase of extended reality (XR) applications, key driver of 5G and 6G and foundation of the immersive Metaverse of tomorrow. The R&S CMX500 OBT 5G signaling tester performs end-to-end testing of avatar calls using 5G, ensuring the quality of experience (QoE) for the subscriber, pushing the boundaries of communications technology.

A display of next-generation Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) with Encrypted Traffic Intelligence by ipoque, a Rohde & Schwarz company, will demonstrate how to power networking and cybersecurity solutions with advanced OEM network analytics technology. The leading DPI engines R&S®PACE 2 and R&S®vPACE detect and classify applications, protocols and services for enhanced connectivity and security, even amidst encrypted and anonymized traffic.

Rohde & Schwarz will showcase its comprehensive portfolio of test and measurement solutions for the mobile industry at the Mobile World Congress 2024 at Fira Gran Via in Barcelona in hall 5, booth 5A80. For further information, visit:
www.rohde-schwarz.com/mwc

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• Q4 net revenues $4.28 billion; gross margin 45.5%; operating margin 23.9%; net income $1.08 billion
• FY net revenues $17.29 billion; gross margin 47.9%; operating margin 26.7%; net income $4.21 billion
• Business outlook at mid-point: Q1 net revenues of $3.6 billion and gross margin of 42.3%

STMicroelectronics, a global semiconductor leader serving customers across the spectrum of electronics applications, reported U.S. GAAP financial results for the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2023. This press release also contains non-U.S. GAAP measures (see Appendix for additional information).

ST reported fourth-quarter net revenues of $4.28 billion, gross margin of 45.5%, operating margin of 23.9%, and net income of $1.08 billion or $1.14 diluted earnings per share.

Jean-Marc Chery, ST President & CEO, commented:

• “FY23 revenues increased 7.2% to $17.29 billion. Operating margin was 26.7% compared to 27.5% in FY22 and net income increased 6.3% to $4.21 billion. We invested $4.11 billion in net CAPEX while delivering a free cash flow of $1.77 billion.”
• “In Q4, ST delivered revenues and gross margin slightly below the mid-point of the guidance, with higher revenues in Personal Electronics offset by a softer growth rate in Automotive.”
• “In Q4, our customer order bookings decreased compared to Q3. We continued to see stable end-demand in Automotive, no significant increase in Personal Electronics, and further deterioration in Industrial.”
• “Our first quarter business outlook, at the mid-point, is for net revenues of $3.6 billion, decreasing year-over-year by 15.2% and decreasing sequentially by 15.9%; gross margin is expected to be about 42.3%.”
• “For 2024, we plan to invest about $2.5 billion in net CAPEX.”
• “We will drive the Company based on a plan for FY24 revenues in the range of $15.9 billion to $16.9 billion. Within this plan, we expect a gross margin in the low to mid-40s.”

Quarterly Financial Summary (U.S. GAAP)

Annual Financial Summary (U.S. GAAP)

Fourth Quarter 2023 Summary Review

Net revenues totalled $4.28 billion, representing a year-over-year decrease of 3.2%. On a year-over-year basis, ADG revenues increased 21.5%, while AMS and MDG decreased 25.8% and 11.5% respectively. Year-over-year net sales to OEMs and Distribution decreased 0.4% and 9.2%, respectively. On a sequential basis, net revenues decreased 3.4%, 40 basis points lower than the mid-point of ST’s guidance. On a sequential basis, ADG reported an increase in net revenues, AMS was stable and MDG decreased.

Gross profit totaled $1.95 billion, representing a year-over-year decrease of 7.3%. Gross margin of 45.5%, 50 basis points below the mid-point of ST’s guidance, decreased 200 basis points year-over-year, due to higher input manufacturing costs, unused capacity charges, and negative currency effect net of hedging, partially offset by the combination of sales price and product mix.

Operating income decreased 20.5% to $1.02 billion, compared to $1.29 billion in the year-ago quarter. ST’s operating margin decreased 520 basis points on a year-over-year basis to 23.9% of net revenues, compared to 29.1% in the fourth quarter of 2022.

By product group, compared with the year-ago quarter:

Automotive and Discrete Group (ADG):

• Revenue increased for both Automotive and Power Discrete.
• Operating profit increased by 39.7% to $657 million. Operating margin was 31.9% compared to 27.7%.

Analog, MEMS and Sensors Group (AMS):

• Revenue increased in Analog and decreased in Imaging and in MEMS.
• Operating profit decreased by 57.4% to $147 million. Operating margin was 14.8% compared to 25.8%.

Microcontrollers and Digital ICs Group (MDG):

• Revenue decreased for Microcontrollers and increased for RF Communications.
• Operating profit decreased by 30.9% to $342 million. Operating margin was 28.0% compared to 35.8%.

Net income decreased to $1.08 billion compared to $1.25 billion in the year-ago quarter. Both the fourth quarter 2023 and the fourth quarter 2022 financial results included one-time non-cash income tax benefits of $191 million and $141 million respectively. Diluted earnings per share decreased to $1.14 compared to $1.32 in the year-ago quarter.

Cash Flow and Balance Sheet Highlights

Net cash from operating activities was $1.48 billion in the fourth quarter compared to $1.55 billion in the year-ago quarter. For the full-year 2023, net cash from operating activities increased 15.2% to $5.99 billion, representing 34.7% of total revenues.

Capital expenditure payments, net of proceeds from sales, capital grants and other contributions, were $798 million in the fourth quarter and $4.11 billion for the full year 2023. In the respective year-ago periods, net capital expenditures were $920 million and $3.52 billion.

Free cash flow (non-U.S. GAAP) was $652 million and $1.77 billion in the fourth quarter and full year, respectively, compared to $603 million and $1.59 billion in the year-ago respective periods.

Inventory at the end of the fourth quarter was $2.70 billion, compared to $2.87 billion in the previous quarter and $2.58 billion in the year-ago quarter. Days sales of inventory at quarter-end was 104 days compared to 114 days in the previous quarter and 101 days in the year-ago quarter.

In the fourth quarter, ST paid cash dividends to its stockholders totaling $60 million and executed a $86 million share buy-back as part of its current share repurchase program.

ST’s net financial position (non-U.S. GAAP) was $3.16 billion as of December 31, 2023, compared to $2.46 billion as of September 30, 2023 and reflected total liquidity of $6.08 billion and total financial debt of $2.93 billion. Adjusted net financial position, taking into consideration the effect on total liquidity of advances from capital grants for which capital expenditures have not been incurred yet, stood at $3.00 billion as of December 31, 2023.

Corporate developments

On January 10, 2024, ST announced a new organization to deliver enhanced product development innovation and efficiency, time-to-market as well as customer focus by end market. ST will be re-organized into two Product Groups, split into four Reportable Segments and the existing sales and marketing organization will be complemented by a new application marketing organization focused by end markets across all Regions.

The new organization implies a change in reporting which will apply from January 1, 2024.

Business Outlook

ST’s guidance, at the mid-point, for the 2024 first quarter is:

• Net revenues are expected to be $3.6 billion, a decrease of 15.9% sequentially, plus or minus 350 basis points.
• Gross margin of 42.3%, plus or minus 200 basis points.
• This outlook is based on an assumed effective currency exchange rate of approximately $1.09 = €1.00 for the 2024 first quarter and includes the impact of existing hedging contracts.
• The first quarter will close on March 30, 2024.

Conference Call and Webcast Information

ST will conduct a conference call with analysts, investors and reporters to discuss its fourth quarter and full year 2023 financial results and current business outlook today at 9:30 a.m. Central European Time (CET) / 3:30 a.m. U.S. Eastern Time (ET). A live webcast (listen-only mode) of the conference call will be accessible at ST’s website, https://investors.st.com, and will be available for replay until February 9, 2024.

Use of Supplemental Non-U.S. GAAP Financial Information

This press release contains supplemental non-U.S. GAAP financial information.

Readers are cautioned that these measures are unaudited and not prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and should not be considered as a substitute for U.S. GAAP financial measures. In addition, such non-U.S. GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to similarly titled information from other companies. To compensate for these limitations, the supplemental non-U.S. GAAP financial information should not be read in isolation, but only in conjunction with ST’s consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

See the Appendix of this press release for a reconciliation of ST’s non-U.S. GAAP financial measures to their corresponding U.S. GAAP financial measures.

Forward-looking Information

Some of the statements contained in this release that are not historical facts are statements of future expectations and other forward-looking statements (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 or Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, each as amended) that are based on management’s current views and assumptions, and are conditioned upon and also involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results, performance, or events to differ materially from those anticipated by such statements, due to, among other factors:

• changes in global trade policies, including the adoption and expansion of tariffs and trade barriers, that could affect the macro-economic environment and adversely impact the demand for our products;
• uncertain macro-economic and industry trends (such as inflation and fluctuations in supply chains), which may impact production capacity and end-market demand for our products;
• customer demand that differs from projections;
• the ability to design, manufacture and sell innovative products in a rapidly changing technological environment;
• changes in economic, social, public health, labor, political, or infrastructure conditions in the locations where we, our customers, or our suppliers operate, including as a result of macroeconomic or regional events, geopolitical and military conflicts (including the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine), social unrest, labor actions, or terrorist activities;
• unanticipated events or circumstances, which may impact our ability to execute our plans and/or meet the objectives of our R&D and manufacturing programs, which benefit from public funding;
• financial difficulties with any of our major distributors or significant curtailment of purchases by key customers;
• the loading, product mix, and manufacturing performance of our production facilities and/or our required volume to fulfill capacity reserved with suppliers or third-party manufacturing providers;
• availability and costs of equipment, raw materials, utilities, third-party manufacturing services and technology, or other supplies required by our operations (including increasing costs resulting from inflation);
• the functionalities and performance of our information technology (“IT”) systems, which are subject to cybersecurity threats and which support our critical operational activities including manufacturing, finance and sales, and any breaches of our IT systems or those of our customers, suppliers, partners and providers of third-party licensed technology;
• theft, loss, or misuse of personal data about our employees, customers, or other third parties, and breaches of data privacy legislation;
• the impact of intellectual property claims by our competitors or other third parties, and our ability to obtain required licenses on reasonable terms and conditions;
• changes in our overall tax position as a result of changes in tax rules, new or revised legislation, the outcome of tax audits or changes in international tax treaties which may impact our results of operations as well as our ability to accurately estimate tax credits, benefits, deductions and provisions and to realize deferred tax assets;
• variations in the foreign exchange markets and, more particularly, the U.S. dollar exchange rate as compared to the Euro and the other major currencies we use for our operations;
• the outcome of ongoing litigation as well as the impact of any new litigation to which we may become a defendant;
• product liability or warranty claims, claims based on epidemic or delivery failure, or other claims relating to our products, or recalls by our customers for products containing our parts;
• natural events such as severe weather, earthquakes, tsunamis, volcano eruptions or other acts of nature, the effects of climate change, health risks and epidemics or pandemics such as the COVID-19 pandemic in locations where we, our customers or our suppliers operate;
• increased regulation and initiatives in our industry, including those concerning climate change and sustainability matters and our goal to become carbon neutral on scope 1 and 2 and partially scope 3 by 2027;
• potential loss of key employees and potential inability to recruit and retain qualified employees as a result of epidemics or pandemics such as the COVID-19 pandemic, remote-working arrangements and the corresponding limitation on social and professional interaction;
• the duration and the severity of the global outbreak of COVID-19 may continue to negatively impact the global economy in a significant manner for an extended period of time, and also could materially adversely affect our business and operating results;
• industry changes resulting from vertical and horizontal consolidation among our suppliers, competitors, and customers; and
• the ability to successfully ramp up new programs that could be impacted by factors beyond our control, including the availability of critical third-party components and performance of subcontractors in line with our expectations.

Such forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties, which may cause actual results and performance of our business to differ materially and adversely from the forward-looking statements. Certain forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward looking terminology, such as “believes,” “expects,” “may,” “are expected to,” “should,” “would be,” “seeks” or “anticipates” or similar expressions or the negative thereof or other variations thereof or comparable terminology, or by discussions of strategy, plans or intentions.

Some of these risks are set forth and are discussed in more detail in “Item 3. Key Information — Risk Factors” included in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2022 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on February 23, 2023. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those described in this press release as anticipated, believed, or expected. We do not intend, and do not assume any obligation, to update any industry information or forward-looking statements set forth in this release to reflect subsequent events or circumstances.

Unfavorable changes in the above or other risks or uncertainties listed under “Item 3. Key Information — Risk Factors”

from time to time in our SEC filings, could have a material adverse effect on our business and/or financial condition.

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